Method for determining a gsm substance and/or a chemical composition of a conveyed material sample, and a device for this purpose
A method for determining a weight per unit area and/or a chemical composition of a conveyed material sample. From the analysis of a portion of an incident ionizing radiation, in particular an X-radiation, scattered from a material sample, a detector signal corresponding to the gsm substance and/or the chemical composition of the material sample is generated and used for determining the weight per unit area and/or the chemical composition of the material sample. A device for determining a weight per unit area and/or a chemical composition of a material sample has a compact measurement head arranged unilaterally with respect to the material sample. This measurement head includes an X-radiation source and a detector arrangement integrated into the measurement head of at least one X-ray detector connected to a voltage supply and an evaluation unit.
1. A method for determining at least one of a weight per unit area and a chemical composition of a conveyed material sample, comprising:
providing a radiation source configured to emit an X-radiation;
irradiating a material sample with the X-radiation;
detecting a sample radiation scattered by the material sample and a radiation scattered by atmospheric particles; and
analyzing the sample radiation and the radiation scattered by the atmospheric particles to determine at least one of a weight per unit area and a chemical composition of the material sample;
wherein the detection includes a recording by a multi-component detector arrangement, and a recording of a positional variation of the material sample by comparative measurements, and
a measured value of at least one of the weight per unit area and the chemical composition obtained by the analyzing is corrected based on the positional variation of the material sample.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the irradiating includes directing the X-radiation emitted from the radiation source onto a scattered spot of the material sample, and the detecting includes detecting by the multi-component detector arrangement a radiation scattered at an inner portion of the material sample by inherent scattering.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the detecting includes recording and spectrally evaluating detected radiations in a multi-channel and energy-selective manner.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting includes detecting a secondary back-scattered radiation of the X-radiation.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting includes detecting a characteristic X-radiation of the X-radiation.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting includes detecting a mixture of a general back-scattered radiation and a characteristic X-radiation of the X-radiation, and the chemical composition is determined based on energy spectrum of the characteristic X-radiation.
7. A method for determining at least one of a weight per unit area and a chemical composition of a conveyed material sample, comprising:
providing a radiation source configured to emit an X-radiation;
irradiating a material sample with the X-radiation;
detecting a sample radiation scattered by the material sample and a radiation scattered by atmospheric particles; and
analyzing the sample radiation and the radiation scattered by the atmospheric particles to determine at least one of a weight per unit area and a chemical composition of the material sample;
wherein the detecting includes determining at least one of air temperature, air pressure and air humidity based on the radiation scattered by the atmospheric particles, and correcting a measured value of the weight per unit area.
8. A device for determining at least one of a weight per unit area and a chemical composition of a material sample, comprising:
a compact measurement head positioned on one side of a material sample, the compact measurement head including,
a radiation source configured to emit electromagnetic ionizing radiation which is directed to the material sample at an angle,
at lease one environmental sensor configured to detect a radiation scattered by atmospheric particles, and
a multi-component detector arrangement configured to detect a sample radiation scattered by the material sample and connected to a voltage supply and an evaluation unit configured to evaluate the sample radiation and the radiation scattered by the atmospheric particles to determine at least one of a weight per unit area and a chemical composition of the material sample.
9. The device according to claim 8 , wherein the at least one environmental sensor is configured to measure at least one of pressure, temperature and humidity of air.
10. The device according to any one of claim 8 or 9 , wherein the detector arrangement comprises a multi-channel energy-sensitive count rate detector.
11. The device according to claim 9 , wherein the at least one environmental sensor is configured to determine an air density by detecting the radiation incident from surroundings of the measurement head.
12. The device according to claim 8 , wherein the detector arrangement comprises at least one first detector disposed with respect to the radiation source in a first scattering angle and configured to be sensitive to a positional variation of the material sample, and a second detector disposed with respect to the radiation source in a second scattering angle and configured to be sensitive to the positional variation.
13. The device according to claim 8 , further comprising a conveyor configured to transfer the material sample, the conveyor having a transverse beam on which the measurement head is disposed.
14. The device according to claim 8 , further comprising a radiation-absorbing screening unit positioned on a rear side of the material sample and configured to absorb a scattered radiation exiting from the rear side of the material sample.