Thermoelectric heat exchange element
A thermoelectric heat exchange module includes a first substrate including a heat receptive side and a heat donative side and a series of undulatory pleats. The module may also include a thermoelectric material layer having a ZT value of 1.0 or more disposed on at least one of the heat receptive side and the heat donative side, and an electrical contact may be in electrical communication with the thermoelectric material layer.
1. A thermoelectric heat exchange module, comprising:
a first substrate including a heat receptive side and a heat donative side and a series of undulatory pleats;
a thermoelectric material layer having a ZT value of 1.0 or more disposed on at least one of the heat receptive side and the heat donative side; and
an electrical contact in electrical communication with the thermoelectric material layer,
wherein the series of undulatory pleats is structured with regularity to increase a surface area-to-volume ratio of the first substrate deposited with the thermoelectric material layer.
2. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 1 , further including:
a second substrate including a heat receptive side and a heat donative side and a series of undulatory pleats;
wherein the second substrate is arranged with respect to the first substrate such that a plurality of fluid flow passages is formed between the first and second substrates by opposing undulatory pleats of the first and second substrates.
3. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 2 , further including a thermoelectric material layer having a ZT value of 1.0 or more disposed on at least one of the heat receptive side and the heat donative side of the second substrate.
4. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoelectric material layer includes a plurality of thin film layers.
5. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 1 , wherein the ZT value of the thermoelectric material layer is between 1.0 and 10.
6. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoelectric material layer includes a zero-dimensional quantum dots thermoelectric material.
7. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoelectric material layer includes a one-dimensional nano wires thermoelectric material.
8. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoelectric material layer includes a two-dimensional quantum well thermoelectric material.
9. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 2 , wherein the plurality of fluid flow passages provides the thermoelectric heat exchange module with a heat transfer surface area density value of at least 500 Ft 2 /Ft 3 .
10. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 2 , wherein the plurality of fluid flow passages provides the thermoelectric heat exchange module with a heat transfer surface area density value of between 800 Ft 2 /Ft 3 and 1,000 Ft 2 /Ft 3 .
11. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 1 , wherein the first substrate includes a metal.
12. The thermoelectric heat exchange module according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate includes a ceramic.
13. A machine, comprising:
an engine that produces an exhaust stream;
an exhaust system configured to carry the exhaust stream; and
a thermoelectric heat exchange module disposed in the exhaust system, the thermoelectric heat exchange module including:
a first substrate including a heat receptive side and a heat donative side and a series of undulatory pleats;
a thermoelectric material layer having a ZT value of 1.0 or more disposed on at least one of the heat receptive side and the heat donative side; and
an electrical contact in electrical communication with the thermoelectric material layer.
14. The machine of claim 13 , wherein the thermoelectric heat exchange module further includes:
a second substrate including a heat receptive side and a heat donative side and a series of undulatory pleats; and
a thermoelectric material layer having a ZT value of 1.0 or more disposed on at least one of the heat receptive side and the heat donative side of the second substrate;
wherein the second substrate is arranged with respect to the first substrate such that a plurality of fluid flow passages is formed between the first and second substrates by opposing undulatory pleats of the first and second substrates.
15. The machine of claim 14 , wherein the plurality of fluid flow passages provides the thermoelectric heat exchange module with a heat transfer surface area density value of between 800 Ft 2 /Ft 3 and 1,000 Ft 2 /Ft 3 .
16. The machine of claim 13 , wherein the ZT value of the thermoelectric material layer is between 1.0 and 10.
17. The machine of claim 13 , wherein the thermoelectric material layer includes at least one material selected from a group including a zero-dimensional quantum dots thermoelectric material, a one-dimensional nano wires thermoelectric material, and a two-dimensional quantum well thermoelectric material.
18. An method of recovering energy from a machine exhaust system, comprising:
flowing an exhaust stream from an engine through a thermoelectric heat exchange module that includes:
a first substrate including a heat receptive side and a heat donative side and a series of undulatory pleats;
a thermoelectric material layer having a ZT value of 1.0 or more disposed on at least one of the heat receptive side and the heat donative side; and
an electrical contact in electrical communication with the thermoelectric material layer;
using the flowing exhaust stream to heat a first side of the thermoelectric material;
cooling a second side of the thermoelectric material to generate a temperature gradient across the thermoelectric material and a related voltage level;
providing the voltage level on the electrical contact for use by at least one electrically powered component.
19. The method according to claim 18 , further including:
converting the voltage to a desired voltage level by using a DC-DC converter.
20. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the thermoelectric heat exchange module further includes:
a second substrate including a heat receptive side and a heat donative side and a series of undulatory pleats; and
a thermoelectric material layer having a ZT value of 1.0 or more disposed on at least one of the heat receptive side and the heat donative side of the second substrate;
wherein the second substrate is arranged with respect to the first substrate such that a plurality of fluid flow passages is formed between the first and second substrates by opposing undulatory pleats of the first and second substrates.
21. The method according to claim 20 , wherein the plurality of fluid flow passages provides the thermoelectric heat exchange module with a heat transfer surface area density value of between 800 Ft 2 /Ft 3 and 1,000 Ft 2 /Ft 3 .
22. The method of claim 18 , wherein the ZT value of the thermoelectric material layer is between 1.0 and 10.