Demulsifiers for mixtures of middle distillates with fuel oils of vegetable or animal origin and water
The invention provides fuel oils comprising a major proportion of a mixture of A) a middle distillate fuel oil and B) a biofuel oil, and also a minor proportion C) of an oil-soluble, crosslinked block copolymer composed of C 2 - to C 4 -alkylene oxides.
1. A fuel oil comprising a major proportion of a mixture of
A) a middle distillate fuel oil and
B) a biofuel oil,
and also a minor proportion
C) of an oil-soluble, crosslinked block copolymer composed of C 2 - to C 4 -alkylene oxides, wherein the oil-soluble, crosslinked block copolymer C is prepared by crosslinking C 2 - to C 4 -alkylene oxides with a crosslinker selected from the group consisting of: bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, butane-1,4-diol diglycidyl ether, hexane-1,6-diol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether, resorcinol diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether, glycerol triglycidyl ether, glycerol propoxide triglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, p-aminophenol triglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, castor oil triglycidyl ether, diaminobiphenyl tetraglycidyl ether, soya oil epoxide, adipic acid, maleic acid, phthalic acid, maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, dodecylsuccinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, dimethoxydimethylsilane, diethoxydimethylsilane, toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and mixtures thereof.
2. The fuel oil as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an A):B) mixing ratio is from 99:1 to 1:99.
3. The fuel oil of claim 1 , wherein the molecular weight of the constituent C) is between 1000 and 200 000 g/mol.
4. The fuel oil of claim 1 , wherein constituent C) has a water number of from 6 to 17 ml.
5. The fuel oil of claim 1 , wherein constituent C) in the mixture consisting of A) and B) is from 0.001 to 5% by weight.
6. The fuel oil of claim 1 , further comprising at least one alkylphenol formaldehyde resin of the formula
where R A is C 4 -C 30 -alkyl or -alkenyl, R B is OH or O-(A-O) x —H where A=C 2 -C 4 -alkylene and x is a number from 1 to 50, and n is a number from 2 to 50.
7. The fuel oil of claim 1 , further comprising at least one copolymer which, in addition to ethylene, contains from 10 to 40% by weight of vinyl acetate and 0% or from 1 to 40% by weight of vinyl ester having C 3 - to C 12 -alkyl groups in the ester radical and 0% or from 0.5 to 20% by weight of olefins having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
8. The fuel oil of claim 1 , further comprising at least one amine salt, imide or amide of a primary amine or a secondary amine or a primary and a secondary fatty amine having from 8 to 36 carbon atoms.
9. The fuel oil of claim 1 , further comprising at least one copolymer which is derived from amides or imides or esters or mixtures of amides, imides, and esters of an acid selected from the group consisting of: maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and mixtures thereof.
10. The fuel oil of claim 1 , further comprising a comb polymer of the formula
where
A is R′, COOR′, OCOR′, R″—COOR′ or OR′;
D is H, CH 3 , A or R;
E is H or A;
G is H, R″, R″—COOR′, an aryl radical or a heterocyclic radical;
M is H, COOR″, OCOR″, OR″ or COOH;
N is H, R″, COOR″, OCOR, COOH or an aryl radical;
R′ is a hydrocarbon chain having 8-150 carbon atoms;
R″ is a hydrocarbon chain having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
m is a number between 0.4 and 1.0; and
n is a number between 0 and 0.6.
11. A method for demulsifying a mixture of middle distillate fuel oils, biofuel oils and water, said method comprising adding to the mixture an oil-soluble, crosslinked block copolymer composed of C 2 - to C 4 -alkylene oxides to provide a demulsified mixture of middle distillate fuel oils, biofuels and water, wherein the oil-soluble, crosslinked block copolymer C is prepared by crosslinking C 2 - to C 4 -alkylene oxides with a crosslinker selected from the group consisting of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, butane-1,4-diol diglycidyl ether, hexane-1,6-diol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether, resorcinol diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether, glycerol triglycidyl ether, glycerol propoxide triglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, p-aminophenol triglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, castor oil triglycidyl ether, diaminobiphenyl tetraglycidyl ether, soya oil epoxide, adipic acid, maleic acid, phthalic acid, maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, dodecylsuccinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, dimethoxydimethylsilane, diethoxydimethylsilane, toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and mixtures thereof.