Method and system for coating sections of internal surfaces
A method and system for coating the internal surfaces of a localized area or section of a workpiece is presented. Conductive structures are inserted into one or more openings of a workpiece to define the section to be coated. In some embodiments, a bias voltage is connected to a workpiece section, which functions as a cathode. A gas source and vacuum source are coupled to each conductive structure through a flow control system. The flow control system enables a first opening to function as a gas inlet and a second opening to function as a vacuum exhaust. Only the section encompassed by the conductive structures is coated. When the coating process is completed, a means for varying the conductive structures along the length is utilized to move onto the next section to be coated.
1. A system for uniformly coating the internal surfaces of a section of a conductive workpiece comprising:
first and second members configured for insertion into said section of said workpiece and dimensioned to isolate a localized interior section of said workpiece there between, said localized interior section being a cross sectional region of section into which said first and second members are inserted;
wherein said first and second members include a sealing means for physically and electrically isolating said conductive workpiece from said first and second members and for sealing said localized interior section from a remainder of said section of said workpiece;
a biasing system connected to said first and second members such that said first and second members are at a same voltage, said biasing system being connected to said workpiece such that said workpiece functions as a counter-electrode to said first and second members;
a gas source inlet connected to one of the said first and second members for flowing a gas containing a coating material into said localized interior section of said workpiece such that exposure of said workpiece to said gas is limited to said localized interior section;
a vacuum source outlet connected to the other of said first and second members for evacuating said gas from said localized interior section; and
a means for varying the position of said first and second members along a length of said workpiece.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein said biasing system applies a DC bias voltage to said first and second members.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein said biasing system applies an AC bias voltage.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein said biasing system is connected such that said conductive workpiece functions as a cathode and said first and second members function as anodes, said biasing system applying a DC voltage bias, said DC voltage bias establishing ion bombardment energy sufficient to coat said internal surfaces within said localized interior section.
5. The system of claim 4 wherein said DC voltage bias includes a negative pulsed DC bias voltage.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein said first and second members are electrode structures inserted into a first opening and a second opening of said conductive workpiece.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein regulation of said localized interior section is related to an interior diameter of said conductive workpiece so as to maintain a condition in which said plasma intensity within said localized interior section is adjustable via variations of said biasing system, wherein said condition establishes a hollow cathode effect.
8. A method of modifying internal surfaces of a localized area of a conductive workpiece comprising:
creating an interior environment within said workpiece supportive of said modifying of said internal surfaces, including reducing pressure within said workpiece by using a vacuum source;
positioning a gas release structure having first and second members into an opening to a section of said workpiece, said first and second members being configured and dimensioned to isolate a localized interior section of said workpiece by providing a seal between the workpiece and first and second members, said localized interior section being a cross sectional region of said section of said workpiece, said gas- release structure being coupled to a gas source and being variable in position along a length of said workpiece;
coupling a biasing system to said first and second members and to said workpiece such that said first and second members are at a same voltage and such that said workpiece functions as a counter-electrode to said first and second members;
introducing a gas containing coating material into said localized interior section of said workpiece via said gas-release structure having gas inlet in one member and gas exhaust in the other member such that exposure of said workpiece to said gas is limited to said localized interior section; and
varying the position of said first and second members along said length of said workpiece.
9. The method of claim 8 further comprising connecting said biasing system to said first and second members to provide electrical conditions consistent with modifying said internal surfaces.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein connecting said biasing system includes providing a DC bias voltage.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein connecting said biasing system includes providing an AC bias voltage.
12. The method of claim 8 further comprising varying the positions of said first and second members along said length of said workpiece, said varying being consistent with repositioning of said gas-release structure along said length of said workpiece.
13. The method of claim 8 further comprising connecting said biasing system such that said workpiece functions as a cathode and said first and second members function as anodes, said biasing system providing a DC voltage bias, said DC voltage bias establishing ion bombardment energy sufficient to modify said internal surfaces of said conductive workpiece.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein connecting said biasing system includes providing a negative pulsed DC bias voltage to said workpiece.
15. A system for uniformly coating the internal surfaces of a section of a conductive workpiece comprising:
first and second members configured for insertion into said workpiece to define a localized interior section of said workpiece there between, each of said first and second members having a correspondence with a first electrode and a second electrode;
wherein said first and second members include a sealing means for physically and electrically isolating said conductive workpiece from said first and second members and for sealing said localized interior section from a remainder of said section of said workpiece;
a biasing system connected to said first electrodes to provide a DC bias voltage so as to establish ion bombardment energy sufficient to modify said internal surfaces of said localized interior section of said workpiece, said biasing system further being connected to said second electrodes to provide an AC voltage bias sufficient to support a plasma within said localized interior section;
a gas source inlet connected to one of the said first and second members for flowing a gas containing a coating material into said localized interior section of said workpiece;
a vacuum source outlet connected to the other of said first and second members for evacuating said gas from said localized interior section; and
a means for varying the position of said first and second members along a length of said workpiece.
16. The system of claim 15 wherein said biasing system is connected to said workpiece to provide a counter-electrode with respect to said first electrodes.