Cell scaffold matrices with incorporated therapeutic agents
The invention is directed to methods and compositions for preparing matrices for controlled delivery of at least one therapeutic or biological agent to a target site in a subject. This is accomplished using nanoparticles coupled to the therapeutic or biological agent that are incorporated within the matrix or reacted on the surface of the matrix.
1. An electrospun matrix having a three-dimensional ultrastructure of interconnected fibers and pores to permit cell attachment and further comprising at least one nanoparticle incorporated within the matrix, wherein the nanoparticle is coupled to a therapeutic agent and the therapeutic agent is releasable from the nanoparticle by application of radiation.
2. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticle further comprises at least one quantum dot made of a material selected from the group consisting of ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs, InSb, AlS, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, PbS, PbSe, Ge, Si and combinations thereof.
3. The matrix of claim 2 , wherein the quantum dot comprises a CdSe quantum dot.
4. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of growth factors, proteins, antibodies, nucleic acids molecules, and carbohydrates.
5. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent is a growth factor selected from the group consisting of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor, cartilage derived factor, bone growth factor (BGF), basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), hepatocyte growth factor, glial neurotrophic growth factor (GDNF), stem cell factor (SCF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and skeletal growth factor.
6. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent is heparin.
7. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent and the nanoparticle are encapsulated in a polymer.
8. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the radiation causes localized heating of the at least one nanoparticle which induces structural changes in the polymer to release the therapeutic agent.
9. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the wavelength of the radiation is between 700-1000 nanometers.
10. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the matrix further comprises collagen.
11. The matrix of claim 9 , wherein the collagen is selected from the group consisting of collagen I, collagen II, collagen III, collagen IV, collagen V, collagen VI, collagen VII, collagen VIII, collagen IX, and collagen X.
12. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the matrix further comprises elastin.
13. The matrix of claim 1 , wherein the matrix further comprises a synthetic polymer.
14. The matrix of claim 13 , wherein the synthetic polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(lactic acid) polymers, poly(glycolic acid) polymers, poly(lactide-co-glycolides) (PLGA), poly(urethanes), poly(siloxanes) or silicones, poly(ethylene), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), poly(2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate), poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(acrylic acid), poly(vinyl acetate), polyacrylamide, poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), poly(ethylene glycol), poly(methacrylic acid), polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acids (PGA), nylons, polyamides, polyanhydrides, poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH), polycaprolactone, poly(vinyl acetate), polyvinylhydroxide, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and polyorthoesters or a co-polymer formed from at least two members of the group.
15. The matrix of claim 13 , wherein the synthetic polymer comprises poly(lactide-co-glycolides) (PLGA).
16. The matrix of claim 1 further comprising at least one natural component and at least one synthetic polymer component.