Process for preparing nanoscale quinacridone
This invention relates to a method for production of nanoscale size quinacridones through a wet-salt attrition process by combining a crude quinacridone pigment in the presence of (i) an inorganic salt, (ii) an organic liquid in which the quinacridone pigment and salt are substantially insoluble, and (iii) a quinacridone derivative in an amount less than 10 wt. % relative to the quinacridone pigment; discharging the ground quinacridone pigment into water; adding an acid to produce a solution pH of 1.5 or lower; and isolating the quinacridone pigment.
1. A process for preparing a quinacridone pigment comprising:
(a) grinding a crude quinacridone pigment in the presence of
(i) an inorganic salt,
(ii) an organic liquid in which the crude quinacridone pigment and salt are substantially insoluble, and
(iii) a quinacridone pigment derivative in an amount less than 10 wt. % relative to the weight of the crude quinacridone pigment;
(b) discharging the crude quinacridone pigment from step (a) into water, thereby attaining a water pigment mixture;
(c) adding to the water pigment mixture of step (b), an acid in an amount sufficient to adjust the pH of the mixture to 1.5 or lower; and
(d) isolating from the mixture a quinacridone pigment having a particle size ranging from 20 to 80 nm.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the crude quinacridone pigment has the following formula:
wherein substituents R1 and R1 are identical or different and are independently selected from hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or fluorine atoms or C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic salt is sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, sodium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, calcium carbonate, sodium acetate, calcium acetate, sodium citrate, and potassium sodium tartrate.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the inorganic salt is sodium chloride.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amount of inorganic salt ranges from about 3 to about 12 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.
6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the amount of inorganic salt ranges from about 8 to about 10 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic liquid is C 1 to C 8 alcohols, C 2 to C 4 diols, amides, and N-moiety pyridones.
8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the organic liquid is diethylene glycol.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amount of organic liquid ranges from about 0.8 to about 2 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.
10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the amount of organic liquid ranges from about 1.2 to about 1.4 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the quinacridone derivative is selected from the group consisting of phthalimidoalkyl-quinacridones, imidazolylalkyl-quinacridones, quinacridone sulfonic acids, pyrazolylalkyl-quinacridones, and dialkylaminoalkylsulfonamide derivatives of quinacridones.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amount of quinacridone pigment derivative ranges from about 0.001 to about 0.1 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.
13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the amount of quinacridone pigment derivative ranges from about 0.02 to about 0.06 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.
14. The process of claim 1 , further comprising carrying out step (a) at a temperature ranging from about 60° C. to about 120° C.
15. The process of claim 14 , further comprising carrying out step (a) at a temperature ranging from about 80° C. to 100° C.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acid is a mineral acid.
17. The process of claim 1 , further comprising carrying out step (c) at a temperature ranging from about 80° C. to about 95° C.
18. A process for preparing a nanoscale quinacridone pigment comprising:
(a) grinding crude quinacridone pigment at a temperature ranging from about 80° C. to about 90° C. in the presence of:
(i) an inorganic salt ranging from about 3 to about 12 parts by weight, relative to the crude quinacridone pigment, and
(ii) an organic liquid in which the crude quinacridone pigment and salt are substantially insoluble ranging from about 0.8 to about 2 parts by weight, relative to the crude quinacridone pigment, and
(iii) a quinacridone derivative selected from the group consisting of phthalimidoalkylquinacridones, imidazolylalkyl-quinacridones, quinacridone sulfonic acids, pyrazolylalkyl-quinacridones, and dialkylaminoalkyl-sulfonamide derivatives of quinacridones ranging from about 0.001 to about 0.1 parts by weight, relative to the crude quinacridone pigment;
(b) discharging the crude quinacridone pigment from step (a) into water; thereby attaining a water pigment mixture;
(c) adding to the water pigment mixture of step (b), an acid in an amount sufficient to adjust the pH of the mixture to 1.5 or lower; and
(d) isolating from the mixture a quinacridone pigment having a particle size ranging from about 20 to about 80 nm.
19. The process of claim 18 , further comprising carrying out step (c) at a temperature ranging from about 80° C. to about 95° C.
20. The process of claim 18 , wherein the inorganic salt is a sodium chloride which ranges from about 8 to about 10 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.
21. The process of claim 18 , wherein the organic liquid is C 1 to C 8 alcohols, C 2 to C 4 diols, amides, and N-moiety pyridones.
22. The process of claim 21 , wherein the organic liquid is a diethylene glycol.
23. The process of claim 22 , wherein the amount of diethylene glycol ranges from about 0.02 to about 0.06 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.
24. The process of claim 18 , wherein the amount of quinacridone derivative ranges from about 1.2 to about 1.4 parts by weight of the crude quinacridone pigment.