Co-existing static and dynamic IP multicast
A system and method are provided for providing both static and dynamic IP multicasting. When a router receives a PIM message or an IGMP message, the router determines whether the group specified in the message is within the multicast Static-Range. If the group pertains to a static multicasting group, the router does not propagate the message to upstream routers and only connects or disconnects interfaces internal to the router. If the multicast group address in the message is not within the multicast Static-Range, the router implements PIM or IGMP protocols. If the invention is used for broadcasting TV, the low end of TB channels or commonly used channels can be created as static IP multicast. This way, a user can access or leave such channels without an entire shortest path tree being created or torn down, improving access time and channel surfing for a user.
1. A method of implementing Internet Protocol (IP) Multicasting in a communication network, the method comprising:
defining a multicast Static-Range, being a set of Class D IP addresses that do not use a Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) protocol and do not overlap with an existing Source Specific Multicast (SSM) IP address range;
reserving each IP address within the multicast Static-Range for static IP multicasting;
establishing, in the communication network, at least one dynamic IP multicasting group, the at least one dynamic multicasting group having a respective IP address lying outside the multicast Static-Range;
establishing, in the communication network, at least one static multicasting group for which both PIM-Source Specific Mode (PIM-SSM) messaging and PIM-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) messaging are ignored, the at least one static multicasting group having a respective IP address lying within the multicast Static-Range;
establishing static multicast connections for all upstream routers from a host router toward a source, wherein dynamic multicast states and static multicast states are both added and removed independently;
after all upstream connections are established, upon receipt of an IGMP message from a host at the host router, determining whether the multicast group address therein is within the multicast Static-Range;
if the multicast group address is within the multicast Static-Range and the IGMP message is an IGMP JOIN message, building a connection between a downstream outgoing interface (OIF) leading to the host and an upstream ingoing interface (IIF) leading to the source without forwarding a PIM message; and
if the multicast group address is within the multicast Static-Range and the IGMP message is an IGMP LEAVE message, tearing down the connection between the OIF and IIF without forwarding a PIM message.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein establishing the static multicast connections for all upstream routers does not involve use of a PIM JOIN message.
3. A method of supporting coexistence of static IP multicasting and dynamic IP multicasting at a host router in a communication network, comprising:
storing a multicast Static-Range in memory, the multicast Static-Range being a set of at least one Class D IP address reserved for static IP multicasting, excluding the existing Source Specific Multicast (SSM) IP address range;
upon receipt of a Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) message or an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) message, determining whether the multicast group address in the message falls within the multicast Static-Range;
when the multicast group address in the message does not fall within the multicast Static-Range, processing the message in accordance with dynamic IP multicast;
when the multicast group address in the message falls within the multicast Static-Range and the message is a PIM message, discarding the message;
when the multicast group address in the message falls within the multicast Static-Range and the message is an IGMP JOIN message specifying a source, after static and multicast connections for all upstream routers from the host router have been established, establishing a connection within the host router between a downstream outgoing interface (OIF) leading to the host from which the IGMP JOIN message was received and an upstream ingoing interface (IIF) leading to the source without forwarding a PIM message, wherein dynamic multicast states and static multicast states are both added and removed independently; and
when the multicast group address in the message falls within the multicast Static-Range and the message is an IGMP LEAVE message specifying a source, removing a connection within the host router between the OIF and IIF without forwarding a PIM message.
4. A communication network, comprising:
at least one multicast source that offers IP multicast content;
at least one source router that connects the at least one multicast source to the communication network;
a host that requests and receives IP multicast traffic;
a host router that connects the host to the communication network; and
an intermediate router that connects the at least one source router to the host router, wherein:
upon receipt of a Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) or an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) message, the host router determines whether the multicast group address in the received message falls within a multicast Static-Range being at least one Class D IP address reserved for static IP multicasting, excluding the existing Source Specific Multicast (SSM) IP address range,
when the multicast group address in the message falls within the multicast Static-Range and the message is a PIM message, discarding the message;
when the multicast group address in the message falls within the multicast Static-Range and the message is an IGMP JOIN message specifying a source from the host, after static multicast connections for all upstream routers from the host router have been established, the host router establishes a connection between a downstream outgoing interface (OIF) leading to the host and an upstream ingoing interface (IIF) leading to the source without forwarding a PIM message, wherein dynamic multicast states and static multicast states are both added and removed independently, and
when the multicast group address in the message falls within the multicast Static-Range and the message is an IGMP LEAVE message specifying a source, removing a connection between the OIF and IIF without forwarding a PIM message.