Polymeric compositions and related methods of use
Methods for surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization, which can utilize a catecholic alkyl halide initiator.
1. A surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method of surface modification comprising the steps:
a) providing a surface;
b) applying a polymerization initiator to the surface, wherein the polymerization initiator comprises:
wherein the polymerization initiator is substantially immobilized to the surface after application;
c) reacting a monomer comprising
wherein n is 4 or 9,
with the surface immobilized polymerization initiator to produce a surface-bound polymer, wherein the surface-bound polymer is a reaction product of the monomer and the surface immobilized polymerization initiator comprising:
wherein m is 4 or 9.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the surface to be modified is titanium.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the surface to be modified is at least a portion of a medical device.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein the surface to be modified is the hull of a ship.
5. A method according to claim 3 wherein the surface to be modified is at least a portion of a cardiovascular stent.
6. A method of using a catecholic compound for surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization, said method comprising the steps:
providing a substrate;
modifying the surface of said substrate with a medium comprising a catecholic-terminated alkyl halide comprising:
wherein the catecholic-terminated alkyl bromide is substantially immobilized to the surface after application; and
reacting said modified surface comprising the immobilized catecholic-terminated alkyl halide and a monomer comprising:
wherein n is 4 or 9,
to provide a surface-bound polymer, wherein the surface-bound polymer is a reaction product of the monomer and the surface immobilized catecholic-terminated alkyl halide comprising:
wherein m is 4 or 9.
7. The method according to claim 6 wherein said medium comprises an aqueous solution of said alkyl halide.
8. The method according to claim 6 wherein said substrate comprises titanium.
9. The method according to claim 6 wherein said substrate comprises at least a portion of a medical device.
10. The method according to claim 9 wherein said substrate comprises at least a portion of a cardiovascular stent.
11. The method according to claim 6 wherein said reaction is adjusted by at least one of monomer concentration and reaction time.