Multi-phase distillate fuel compositions and concentrates containing emulsified boric acid
Disclosed is a multiphase fuel composition formed of an emulsion containing (a) a distillate fuel first phase, (b) a second phase formed of boric acid and a liquid that is a solvent for boric acid, but immiscible in the first phase, such as glycerol, and (c) a surfactant.
1. A multiphase distillate fuel composition comprising:
an emulsion containing
(a) a first phase comprised of a distillate fuel;
(b) a second phase, the second phase comprised of
(i) boric acid and
(ii) an organic liquid that is a solvent for boric acid, but immiscible in the first phase; and
(c) a surfactant,
wherein the concentration of boric acid is from about 5 wt. % to about 17.5 wt. %, based on the weight of the fuel composition.
2. The multiphase distillate fuel composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the organic liquid that is a solvent for boric acid, but immiscible in the first phase is a lower alkyl polyol, acetate, acetone, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, or 3-methyl-1-butanol.
3. The multiphase distillate fuel composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the organic liquid that is a solvent for boric acid, but immiscible in the first phase is glycerol.
4. The multiphase distillate fuel composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the second phase contains from about 10 to about 25 wt. %, boric acid and from about 90 to about 75 wt. %, liquid, based on the weight of the second phase.
5. The multiphase distillate fuel composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the distillate fuel is diesel fuel, jet fuel, kerosene, and mixtures thereof.
6. The multiphase distillate fuel composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the distillate fuel is low sulfur diesel fuel.
7. The multiphase distillate fuel composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the concentration of the first phase is from about 30 to about 70 wt. %, and the concentration of the second phase is from about 30 to about 70 wt. %, based on the weight of the fuel composition.
8. The multiphase distillate fuel composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the concentration of the first phase is from about 45 to about 55 wt. %, and the concentration of the second phase is from about 45 to about 55 wt. %, based on the weight of the fuel composition.
9. A multiphase distillate fuel composition comprising:
an emulsion containing
(a) a first phase comprised of diesel fuel, jet fuel, or kerosene;
(b) a second phase, the second phase comprised of
(i) boric acid and
(ii) glycerol; and
(c) a surfactant,
wherein the concentration of boric acid is from about 5 wt. % to about 17.5 wt %. based on the weight of the fuel composition.
10. The multiphase distillate fuel composition in accordance with claim 9 wherein the distillate fuel is low sulfur diesel fuel.
11. A multiphase distillate fuel composition comprising:
an emulsion containing
(a) a first phase comprised of a low sulfur diesel fuel;
(b) a second phase, the second phase comprised of
(i) boric acid and
(ii) an organic liquid that is a solvent for boric acid, but immiscible in the first phase; and
(c) a surfactant,
wherein the concentration of boric acid is from about 5 wt. % to about 17.5 wt. %. based on the weight of the fuel composition.
12. A multiphase distillate fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the boric acid has a particle size of less than 65 microns.
13. A multiphase distillate fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the boric acid has a particle size of about 2.5 microns to 65 microns.
14. A multiphase distillate fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the boric acid has a particle size of about 0.5 to about 1 micron.
15. A multiphase distillate fuel composition according to claim 1 , comprising about 0.5 to about 1.5 wt. % surfactant based on the weight of the fuel composition.
16. A multiphase distillate fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of tristyrylphenol ethoxylates, EO/PO/EO block copolymers, sodium salts of sulfonated naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation products, lignosulfonates, PO/EO butanol copolymers, block copolymers of polyhydroxystearic acid and polyalkylene glycols, and partially hydrolysed or fully hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate.
17. A multiphase distillate fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant comprises PO/EO butanol copolymers or block copolymers of polyhydroxystearic acid and polyalkylene glycols.
18. A multiphase distillate fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the boric acid has a particle size of 65 microns to 100 microns.