Solid-state image sensor and method of manufacturing thereof
View Patent ↗A solid-state image sensor having unit pixel cells arranged in a matrix form, each unit pixel cell having a photoelectric conversion element formed on a semiconductor substrate, a color filter formed on the photoelectric conversion element and a micro-lens formed on the color filter, where a thickness of the color filter is greater in the center than in the periphery. Further, the color filters adjoin in vertical and horizontal directions in the arrangement of the unit pixel cells. A cross-sectional shape of the color filter is, for example, triangular, trapezoidal, convex, lens-shaped or semielliptic.
1. A solid-state image sensor comprising
a plurality of unit pixel cells arranged in a matrix form,
wherein each respective unit pixel cell of said plurality of unit pixel cells includes:
a respective photoelectric conversion element formed on a semiconductor substrate;
a respective color filter formed on said respective photoelectric conversion element;
a respective transparent film formed on said respective color filter; and
a respective micro-lens formed on said respective transparent film,
wherein a thickness at a center of each respective color filter of said plurality of color filters is greater than a thickness at a periphery of each respective color filter,
wherein only said respective transparent film is located between each respective color filter of said plurality of unit pixel cells,
wherein each respective color filter of said plurality of color filters adjoins another color filter of said plurality of color filters, such that an edge of a bottom surface of each respective color filter in a vertical and a horizontal direction adjoins an edge of a bottom surface of another color filter in the matrix form arrangement of said unit pixel cells, and
wherein a cross-section of each respective color filter of the plurality of unit pixel cells has an upward convex lens shape.
2. The solid-state image sensor according to claim 1 , wherein a bottom surface of each respective color filter is flat.
3. A method of manufacturing a solid-state image sensor including a plurality of unit pixel cells arranged in a matrix form, each respective unit pixel cell of the plurality of unit pixel cells including a respective photoelectric conversion element and a respective color filter, said method of manufacturing the solid-state image sensor comprising:
a first step of forming the respective color filter on the respective photoelectric conversion element;
a second step of forming a respective transparent film on the respective color filter; and
a third step of forming a respective micro-lens on the respective transparent film,
wherein a thickness at a center of the respective color filter is greater than a thickness at a periphery of the respective color filter,
wherein only the respective transparent film is located between each respective color filter of the plurality of unit pixel cells,
wherein each respective color filter of said plurality of color filters adjoins another color filter of said plurality of color filters, such that an edge of a bottom surface of each respective color filter in a vertical and a horizontal direction adjoins an edge of a bottom surface of another color filter in the matrix form arrangement of said unit pixel cells, and
wherein a cross-section of each respective color filter of the plurality of unit pixel cells has an upward convex lens shape.
4. The method of manufacturing a solid-state image sensor, according to claim 3 ,
wherein said first step includes:
applying a respective color filter resist;
exposing the respective applied color filter resist using a grey-tone mask; and
forming the respective color filter by developing the respective exposed color filter resist, and
wherein the grey-tone mask includes a tone pattern having a density that varies depending on a thicknesses in a cross-section of each respective color filter.
5. The method of manufacturing a solid-state image sensor, according to claim 4 , wherein the grey-tone mask includes a tone pattern by which each respective color filter is formed adjoining another respective color filter in a vertical and a horizontal direction in the arrangement of each unit pixel cell of the plurality of unit pixel cells.
6. The method of manufacturing a solid-state image sensor, according to claim 4 , wherein the grey-tone mask includes a tone pattern having a density that varies depending on a thicknesses of a cross-section of each respective color filter.
7. The method of manufacturing a solid-state image sensor, according to claim 3 ,
wherein a cross-section of each respective color filter has a step-like shape that descends from the center of each respective color filter to the periphery of each respective color filter,
wherein said first step includes:
applying a respective color filter resist;
exposing the respective applied color filter resist using a respective first mask;
developing the respective exposed color filter resist to form a respective lower step of each respective color filter;
further applying another respective color filter resist;
exposing the another respective further applied color resist using a respective second mask; and
developing the respective exposed and further applied color filter resist to form a respective upper step of each respective color filter, and
wherein the respective second mask includes a pattern adapted for each respective upper step having a respective top surface area that is smaller than a respective top surface area of each respective lower step.
8. The method of manufacturing a solid-state image sensor according to claim 3 , wherein a bottom surface of each respective color filter is flat.
9. A camera equipped with a solid-state image sensor comprising a plurality of unit pixel cells arranged in a matrix form,
wherein each respective unit pixel cell of the plurality of unit pixel cells includes:
a respective photoelectric conversion element formed on a semiconductor substrate;
a respective color filter formed on said respective photoelectric conversion element;
a respective transparent film formed on said respective color filter; and
a respective micro-lens formed on said respective transparent film,
wherein a thickness at a center of each respective color filter of said plurality of color filters is greater than a thickness at a periphery of each respective color filter,
wherein only said respective transparent film is located between each respective color filter of said plurality of unit pixel cells,
wherein each respective color filter of said plurality of color filters adjoins another color filter of said plurality of color filters, such that an edge of a bottom surface of each respective color filter in a vertical and a horizontal direction adjoins an edge of a bottom surface of another color filter in the matrix form arrangement of said unit pixel cells, and
wherein a cross-section of each respective color filter of the plurality of unit pixel cells has an upward convex lens shape.
10. The camera according to claim 9 , wherein a bottom surface of each respective color filter is flat.