Compositions for the electronic detection of analytes utilizing monolayers
The present invention relates to the use of self-assembled monolayers with mixtures of conductive oligomers and insulators to detect target analytes.
1. A method of detecting a target analyte in a sample comprising:
a) contacting said sample with an electrode comprising:
i) a monolayer comprising insulators; and
ii) a capture binding ligand wherein said capture binding ligand is covalently attached to said electrode via an attachment linker, under conditions wherein said target analyte binds to said capture binding ligand;
b) binding a target analyte binding ligand to said target analyte, wherein said target analyte binding ligand comprises at least one non-electrochemiluminescent electron transfer moiety (ETM) covalently attached to said target analyte binding ligand; and
c) detecting the presence of said target analyte.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said attachment linker is selected from the group consisting of conductive oligomers and insulators.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein said capture binding ligand is a nucleic acid.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein said capture binding ligand is a protein.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said target analyte is a protein.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein said target analyte is a peptide.
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein said target analyte is a nucleic acid.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein said ETM is a metallocene.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein said metallocene is ferrocene.
10. A method according to claim 1 wherein said insulators are alkyl chains.
11. A method of detecting a target analyte in a sample comprising:
a) contacting said sample with an electrode comprising:
i) a monolayer comprising insulators; and
ii) a capture binding ligand wherein said capture binding ligand is covalently attached to said electrode via an attachment linker, under conditions wherein said target analyte binds to said capture binding ligand;
b) binding a target analyte binging ligand to said target analyte, wherein said target analyte binding ligand comprises:
i) nucleic acid;
ii) at least one non-electrochemiluminescent electron transfer moiety (ETM) covalently attached to said target analyte binding ligand; and
c) detecting the presence of said target analyte.
12. A method according to claim 11 wherein said attachment linker is selected from the group consisting of conductive oligomers and insulators.
13. A method according to claim 11 wherein said capture binding ligand is a nucleic acid.
14. A method according to claim 11 wherein said capture binding ligand is a protein.
15. A method according to claim 11 wherein said ETM is a metallocene.
16. A method according to claim 15 wherein said metallocene is ferrocene.
17. A method according to claim 11 wherein said insulators are alkyl chains.
18. A method according to claim 1 wherein said monolayer further comprises conductive oligomers.
19. A method according to claim 11 wherein said monolayer further comprises conductive oligomers.
20. A method according to claim 2 wherein said attachment linker is a conductive oligomer.
21. A method according to claim 2 wherein said attachment linker is an insulator.
22. A method according to claim 2 or 12 wherein said attachment linker is a conductive oligomer.
23. A method according to claim 2 or 12 wherein said attachment liker is an insulator.
24. A method of detecting a target analyte in a sample comprising:
a) contacting said sample with an electrode comprising:
i) a monolayer comprising insulators; and
ii) a capture binding ligand wherein said capture binding ligand is covalently attached to said electrode via an attachment linker, under conditions wherein said target analyte binds to said capture binding ligand;
b) binding a target analyte binding ligand to said target analyte, wherein said target analyte binding ligand comprising at least one electron transfer moiety (ETM) covalently attached to said target analyte binding ligand; and
c) detecting the presence of said target analyte electronically.