Micro magnetic latching switches and methods of making same
A latching micro magnetic switch includes a magnet located proximate to a supporting structure. The magnet produces a first magnetic field with field lines symmetrically spaced about a central axis or non-uniform field lines. The switch also includes a cantilever supported by the supporting structure. The cantilever has a magnetic material and a longitudinal axis. The magnetic material makes the cantilever sensitive to the first magnetic field, such that the cantilever is configured to move between first and second states. The switch further includes a conductor located proximate to the supporting structure and the cantilever. The conductor is configured to conduct a current. The current produces a second magnetic field, which causes the cantilever to switch between the first and second states.
1. A latching micro magnetic switch, the switch comprising:
a magnet, located proximate to a supporting structure;
a cantilever, supported by the supporting structure, having a magnetic material, a central axis, and a longitudinal axis, the longitudinal axis crossing the central axis, the magnetic material making the cantilever sensitive to the first magnetic field, such that the cantilever is configured to move between first and second states, wherein the magnet produces a first magnetic field with field lines symmetrically spaced about the central axis of the cantilever; and
a conductor, located proximate to the supporting structure and the cantilever, configured to conduct a current, wherein the current produces a second magnetic field that causes the cantilever to switch between the first and second states.
2. The switch of claim 1 , wherein once switched to a one of the first and second states, the cantilever is latched in the one of the first and second states by the first magnetic field until further switching occurs.
3. The switch of claim 1 , wherein the conductor and the cantilever are formed on the supporting structure.
4. The switch of claim 1 , wherein the cantilever is provided between the substrate and the magnet.
5. The switch of claim 1 , wherein a magnitude of the second magnetic field is smaller than a magnitude of the first magnetic field.
6. The switch of claim 1 , wherein the supporting structure is positioned between the cantilever and the magnet.
7. The switch of claim 1 , wherein the supporting structure is a substrate.
8. The switch of claim 1 , further comprising:
a reference plane, wherein the symmetrically spaced field lines are at varying angles with respect to the reference plane.
9. The switch of claim 1 , wherein the central axis runs through a substantially central portion of a surface of the cantilever.