Acoustic galvanic isolator incorporating film acoustically-coupled transformer
View Patent ↗Embodiments of the acoustic galvanic isolator comprise a carrier signal source, a modulator connected to receive an information signal and the carrier signal, a demodulator, and, connected between the modulator and the demodulator, an electrically-isolating acoustic coupler comprising an electrically-isolating film acoustically-coupled transformer (FACT).
1. An acoustic galvanic isolator, comprising: a carrier signal source; a modulator connected to receive an information signal and the carrier signal; a demodulator; and connected between the modulator and the demodulator, an electrically-isolating acoustic coupler comprising an electrically-isolating film acoustically-coupled transformer (FACT), wherein the FACT comprises:
a first decoupled stacked bulk acoustic resonator (DSBAR) and a second DSBAR, each of the DSBARs comprising: a first film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR); a second FBAR; an acoustic decoupler between the first FBAR and the second FBAR, wherein each of the FBARs comprises an opposed pair of electrodes and a piezoelectric element between the electrodes; and
a first electrical circuit interconnecting the first FBARs of the DSBARs in series; and
a second electrical circuit interconnecting the second FBARs of the DSBARs in series, wherein the first electrical circuit additionally connects the first FBARs to the modulator, and the second electrical circuit additionally connects the second FBARs to the demodulator; and wherein: the first electrical circuit is connected to the electrodes of the first FBARs remote from the acoustic decouplers; and the second electrical circuit is connected to the electrodes of the second FBARs remote from the acoustic decouplers.
2. The acoustic galvanic isolator of claim 1 , in which: the modulator has a differential output connected to the first electrical circuit; and the demodulator has a differential input connected to the second electrical circuit.
3. The acoustic galvanic isolator of claim 1 , in which: the FACT is a first FACT; the modulator has a single-ended output; and the galvanic isolator additionally comprises a second FACT interposed between the modulator and the acoustic coupler, the second FACT comprising a first DSBAR and a second DSBAR, each DSBAR comprising a first FBAR and a second FBAR, the first FBARs connected in anti-parallel and to the output of the modulator, the second FBARs connected in series and to the first electrical circuit.
4. The acoustic galvanic isolator of claim 1 , in which each of the DSBARs additionally comprises an acoustically-resonant electrical insulator.
5. The acoustic galvanic isolator of claim 4 , in which the acoustically-resonant electrical insulator comprises a layer of electrically-insulating material differing in acoustic impedance from the FBARs by less than one order of magnitude.
6. The acoustic galvanic isolator of claim 4 , in which the acoustically-resonant electrical insulator comprises a layer of electrically-insulating material matched in acoustic impedance with the FBARs.
7. The acoustic galvanic isolator of claim 4 , in which: each of the DSBARs additionally comprises an additional acoustic decoupler between the FBARs; and the acoustically-resonant electrical insulator comprises a quarter-wave layer of electrically-insulating material located between the acoustic decoupler and the additional acoustic decoupler.
8. The acoustic galvanic isolator of claim 4 , in which: the acoustically-resonant electrical insulator is a first half-wave acoustically-resonant electrical insulator; the each of the DSBARs additionally comprises a second half-wave acoustically-resonant electrical insulator; and the acoustic decoupler is located between the first half-wave acoustically-resonant electrical insulator and the second half-wave acoustically-resonant electrical insulator.
9. The acoustic galvanic isolator of claim 8 , in which each half-wave acoustically-resonant electrical insulator comprises a half-wave layer of electrically-insulating material.
10. A method for galvanically isolating an information signal, the method comprising: providing an electrically-isolating acoustic coupler comprising an electrically-isolating film acoustically-coupled transformer (FACT), wherein the FACT comprises a first decoupled stacked bulk acoustic resonator (DSBAR) and a second DSBAR, each of the DSBARs comprising a first film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR), a second FBAR and an acoustic decoupler between the FBARs; providing a carrier signal; modulating the carrier signal with the information signal to form a modulated electrical signal; acoustically coupling the modulated electrical signal through the electrically-insulating acoustic coupler; and recovering the information signal from the modulated electrical signal acoustically coupled through the electrically-isolating acoustic coupler, wherein each FBAR comprises first planar electrodes adjacent the acoustic decoupler, second electrodes remote from the acoustic decoupler, and a piezoelectric element between the electrodes; and the coupling comprises: applying the modulated electrical signal to the first electrodes of the first FBARs, and receiving the modulated electrical signal from the first electrodes of the second FBARs.
11. The method of claim 10 , in which the coupling comprises: converting the modulated electrical signal to an acoustic signal; transmitting the acoustic signal through an electrical insulator; and converting the acoustic signal back to a modulated electrical signal.
12. The method of claim 10 , in which each of the DSBARs additionally comprises an acoustically-resonant electrical insulator between the FBARs.