Folded waveguide traveling wave tube having polepiece-cavity coupled-cavity circuit

1. An amplifying device, comprising:

an electron gun emitting an electron beam;

a collector spaced from the electron gun, the collector oriented to collect electrons of the electron beam emitted from the electron gun; and

an interaction structure interposed between the electron gun and the collector, defining an electromagnetic path along which an applied electromagnetic signal interacts with the electron beam, the interaction structure further comprising a plurality of polepieces and a plurality of magnets, the polepieces each having an aligned opening to collectively provide an electron beam tunnel having an axis extending between the electron gun and the collector to define an electron beam path for the electron beam, the polepieces providing a magnetic flux path to the electron beam tunnel from the magnets;

wherein the interaction structure further includes plural cavities defined therein interconnected to provide a coupled cavity circuit, at least one of the plurality of polepieces separating adjacent ones of the plural cavities and having an iris for coupling the electromagnetic signal therethrough, at least one of the plurality of polepieces further having a void that crosses the electron beam tunnel and is aligned perpendicularly to the beam tunnel axis.

2. The amplifying device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of polepieces are comprised of ferromagnetic material.

3. The amplifying device of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of non-ferromagnetic plates interposed with the plurality of polepieces.

4. An amplifying device, comprising:

an electron gun emitting an electron beam;

a collector spaced from the electron gun, the collector oriented to collect electrons of the electron beam emitted from the electron gun; and

an interaction structure interposed between the electron gun and the collector, defining an electromagnetic path along which an applied electromagnetic signal interacts with the electron beam, the interaction structure further comprising a plurality of polepieces and a plurality of magnets, the polepieces each having an aligned opening to collectively provide an electron beam tunnel having an axis extending between the electron gun and the collector to define an electron beam path for the electron beam, the polepieces providing a magnetic flux path to the electron beam tunnel from the magnets;

wherein the interaction structure further includes plural cavities defined therein interconnected to provide a coupled cavity circuit, at least one of the plurality of polepieces separating adiacent ones of the plural cavities and having an iris for coupling the electromagnetic signal therethrough, at least one of the plurality of polepieces further having a void aligned perpendicularly to the beam tunnel axis;

wherein at least one of the polepieces further comprises a first thickness in a first region adjacent to the respective aligned opening and a second thickness in a second region displaced from the aligned opening, the first thickness being smaller than the second thickness.

5. The amplifying device of claim 4 , wherein the at least one of the polepieces further comprise a step defined between the first and second regions.

6. The amplifying device of claim 4 , wherein the at least one of the polepieces further comprise a taper defined between the first and second regions.

7. The amplifying device of claim 1 , wherein the void is disposed substantially within at least one of the plurality of polepieces.

8. The amplifying device of claim 1 , wherein the void is disposed at a side surface of at least one of the plurality of polepieces.

9. An amplifying device, comprising:

an electron gun emitting an electron beam;

a collector spaced from the electron gun, the collector oriented to collect electrons of the electron beam emitted from the electron gun; and

an interaction structure interposed between the electron gun and the collector, defining an electromagnetic path along which an applied electromagnetic signal interacts with the electron beam, the interaction structure further comprising a plurality of polepieces and a plurality of magnets, the polepieces each having an aligned opening to collectively provide an electron beam tunnel having an axis extending between the electron gun and the collector to define an electron beam path for the electron beam, the polepieces providing a magnetic flux path to the electron beam tunnel from the magnets;

wherein the interaction structure further includes plural cavities defined therein interconnected to provide a coupled cavity circuit, at least one of the plurality of polepieces separating adiacent ones of the plural cavities and having an iris for coupling the electromagnetic signal therethrough, at least one of the plurality of polepieces further having a void aligned perpendicularly to the beam tunnel axis;

wherein the plurality of polepieces further comprise a plurality of elongated polepieces interposed with a plurality of short polepieces.

10. In an amplifying device comprising an electron gun emitting an electron beam and a collector spaced from the electron gun, the collector oriented to collect electrons of the electron beam emitted from the electron gun, an interaction structure interposed between the electron gun and the collector, defining an electromagnetic path along which an applied electromagnetic signal interacts with the electron beam, the interaction structure comprising:

a plurality of polepieces and a plurality of magnets, the polepieces each having an aligned opening to collectively provide an electron beam tunnel having an axis extending between the electron gun and the collector to define an electron beam path for the electron beam, the polepieces providing a magnetic flux path to the electron beam tunnel from the magnets;

wherein the interaction structure further includes plural cavities defined therein interconnected to provide a coupled cavity circuit, at least one of the plurality of polepieces separating adjacent ones of the plural cavities and having an iris for coupling the electromagnetic signal therethrough, at least one of the plurality of polepieces further having a void that crosses the electron beam tunnel and is aligned perpendicularly to the beam tunnel axis.

11. The interaction structure of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of polepieces are comprised of ferromagnetic material.

12. The interaction structure of claim 10 , further comprising a plurality of non-ferromagnetic plates interposed with the plurality of polepieces.

13. In an amplifying device comprising an electron gun emitting an electron beam and a collector spaced from the electron gun, the collector oriented to collect electrons of the electron beam emitted from the electron gun, an interaction structure interposed between the electron gun and the collector, defining an electromagnetic path along which an applied electromagnetic signal interacts with the electron beam, the interaction structure comprising:

a plurality of polepieces and a plurality of magnets, the polepieces each having an aligned opening to collectively provide an electron beam tunnel having an axis extending between the electron gun and the collector to define an electron beam path for the electron beam, the polepieces providing a magnetic flux path to the electron beam tunnel from the magnets;

wherein the interaction structure further includes plural cavities defined therein interconnected to provide a coupled cavity circuit, at least one of the plurality of polepieces separating adiacent ones of the plural cavities and having an iris for coupling the electromagnetic signal therethrough, at least one of the plurality of polepieces further having a void aligned perpendicularly to the beam tunnel axis;

wherein at least one of the polepieces further comprises a first thickness in a first region adjacent to the respective aligned opening and a second thickness in a second region displaced from the aligned opening, the first thickness being smaller than the second thickness.

14. The interaction structure of claim 13 , wherein the at least one of the polepieces further comprise a step defined between the first and second regions.

15. The interaction structure of claim 13 , wherein the at least one of the polepieces further comprise a taper defined between the first and second regions.

16. The interaction structure of claim 10 , wherein the void is disposed substantially within at least one of the plurality of polepieces.

17. The interaction structure of claim 10 , wherein the void is disposed at a side surface of at least one of the plurality of polepieces.

18. In an amplifying device comprising an electron gun emitting an electron beam and a collector spaced from the electron gun, the collector oriented to collect electrons of the electron beam emitted from the electron gun, an interaction structure interposed between the electron gun and the collector, defining an electromagnetic oath along which an applied electromagnetic signal interacts with the electron beam, the interaction structure comprising:

a plurality of polepieces and a plurality of magnets, the polepieces each having an aligned opening to collectively provide an electron beam tunnel having an axis extending between the electron gun and the collector to define an electron beam path for the electron beam, the polepieces providing a magnetic flux path to the electron beam tunnel from the magnets;

wherein the interaction structure further includes plural cavities defined therein interconnected to provide a coupled cavity circuit, at least one of the plurality of polepieces separating adiacent ones of the plural cavities and having an iris for coupling the electromagnetic signal therethrough, at least one of the plurality of polepieces further having a void aligned perpendicularly to the beam tunnel axis;

wherein the plurality of polepieces further comprise a plurality of elongated polepieces interposed with a plurality of short polepieces.