Simultaneous screening of multiple analytes
Methods, compositions and kits are disclosed. The methods are directed to determining the presence of one or more analytes in a sample suspected of containing any one of a plurality of the analytes. A combination is provided comprising in a medium (i) the sample, (ii) a binding partner for each of the analytes, (iii) for each of the analytes, a first reagent comprising a member of a signal producing system, a ligand and an analyte analog, and (iv) a second reagent comprising a binding partner for the ligand. The binding of the binding partner for the ligand is affected by the presence of an analyte and alters the amount of signal produced by the member of the signal producing system. The signal thus is modulated if one or more of the analytes are present in the sample. The amount of the signal is determined and is related to the presence of one or more of the analytes in the sample. The method may be homogeneous or heterogeneous.
1. A method for determining the presence of one or more analytes in a sample suspected of containing any of a plurality of said analytes, said method comprising:
(a) combining in a medium said sample and a binding partner for each of said analytes,
(b) adding to said combination, for each of said analytes, a first reagent that is a conjugate comprising a member of a signal producing system, a ligand and an analyte analog,
(c) adding to said combination a second reagent comprising a binding partner for said ligand, wherein the binding of said second reagent to said ligands alters the amount of signal produced by said member of a signal producing system if one or more of said analytes are present in said sample, and
(d) examining said medium for the amount of said signal, the amount thereof being related to the presence of one or more of said analytes in said sample.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said binding partner for each of said analytes is a protein.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein said protein is an antigen or an antibody.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein said ligand is a hapten.
5. A method according to claim 4 wherein said ligand is a small molecule selected from the group consisting of drugs, biotin and dyes.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein said first reagent is bound to a matrix.
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein said second reagent is bound to a matrix.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein said analyte is a drug.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein said binding partner for said ligand is a protein.
10. A method according to claim 9 wherein said protein is an antigen or an antibody.
11. A method according to claim 1 wherein said member of a signal producing system is a label.
12. A method according to claim 11 wherein said label is selected from the group consisting of enzymes, dyes, fluorescent molecules, chemiluminescers, coenzymes and enzyme substrates.