Oxylipins from long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and methods of making and using the same
Disclosed are novel oxylipins, referred to herein as docosanoids, that are derived from C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and method of making and using such oxylipins. Also disclosed is the use of docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-6) (DPAn-6), docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-3) (DPAn-3), and docosatetraenoic acid (DTAn-6: C22:4n-6) as substrates for the production of novel oxylipins, and to the oxylipins produced thereby. Also disclosed is the use of DPAn-6, DPAn-3, DTAn-6, and/or the oxylipins derived therefrom, and/or novel docosanoids derived from the structures of C22 fatty acids, in therapeutic and nutritional or cosmetic applications, and particularly as anti-inflammatory or anti-neurodegenerative compounds. The invention also relates to novel ways of producing long chain polyunsaturated acid (LCPUFA)-rich oils and compositions that contain enhanced and effective amounts of LCPUFA-derived oxylipins, and particularly, docosanoids.
1. An isolated tri-hydroxy derivative of DPAn-6 selected from the group consisting of 7,16,17-trihydroxy DPAn-6; and 4,5,17-trihydroxy DPAn-6.
2. A composition comprising at least one tri-hydroxy docosanoid of claim 1 .
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition is a therapeutic composition, a nutritional composition, or a cosmetic composition.
4. The composition of claim 2 , further comprising aspirin.
5. The composition of claim 2 , further comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of: DPAn-6, DPAn-3, DTAn-6, DHA, EPA, an oxylipin derivative of DHA and an oxylipin derivative of EPA.
6. The composition of claim 2 , further comprising at least one agent selected from the group consisting of: a statin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, an antioxidant, and a neuroprotective agent.
7. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition comprises an oil selected from the group consisting of a microbial oil, a plant seed oil, and an aquatic animal oil.