Composition for use in edible biodegradable articles and method of use
One embodiment of the present invention is a composition for use in making edible biodegradable containers comprising water, pregelatinized and native starch, a first protein or natural polymeric compound, natural fibers, a wax emulsion, a mold release agent, a flavoring agent, and a coloring agent, wherein the composing consisting essentially of food grade materials.
1. A composition for use in making biodegradable containers comprising:
water;
starch, wherein the starch comprises pregelatinized and native starch and wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 0% to less than 30% by weight of the total starch in the composition;
fibers, wherein the fibers comprise long fibers having a length of more than 4 mm and short fibers having a length of less than 0.5 mm;
wherein a dispersion of the composition is such that the fibers are substantially separated from one another throughout a starch based matrix;
a mold release agent;
a wax emulsion; and
a first protein or natural polymeric compound,
wherein the composition consists essentially of food grade materials and is edible.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 5% to less than 20% by weight of the total starch in the composition.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 7% to less than 15% by weight of the total starch in the composition.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the first protein or natural polymeric compound comprises casein or soy protein.
5. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a second protein to improve the mechanical properties of the composition when dry.
6. The composition of claim 5 wherein said second protein further comprises albumen or gelatin.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the fibers comprise natural fibrous materials.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the fibers have an average fiber length less than about 2 mm.
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein the fibers have an average aspect ratio in the range of 5:1 to 25:1.
10. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a filler material.
11. The composition of claim 10 wherein the filler material is organic.
12. The composition of claim 10 wherein the filler material comprises calcium carbonate, silica, calcium sulfate hydrate, magnesium silicate, micaceous minerals, clay minerals, titanium dioxide or talc.
13. The composition of claim 10 wherein the filler material comprises the short fibers.
14. The composition of claim 13 wherein the filler material has a concentration less than 25% by dry weight of the composition.
15. The composition of claim 13 wherein the filler material has a concentration less than 20% and greater than 5% by dry weight of the composition.
16. The composition of claim 13 wherein the filler material has a concentration less than 17% and greater than 7% by dry weight of the composition.
17. The composition of claim 10 wherein the fibers comprise fibers from grasses or reeds.
18. The composition of claim 17 wherein the grasses or reeds are kenaf or bamboo.
19. The composition of claim 1 wherein the wax emulsion comprises a natural wax.
20. The composition of claim 19 wherein the wax emulsion comprises emulsified carnuba wax or emulsified candelilla wax.
21. The composition of claim 1 wherein the mold release agent comprises metal stearate compounds, fatty acids, talc, fats or oils.
22. The composition of claim 1 wherein the mold release agent comprises stearate compounds of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, or zinc, oleic acid, linoleic acid, talc, fats or oils.
23. The composition of claim 1 further comprising:
a flavoring agent; and
a coloring agent.
24. A composition for use in making biodegradable containers comprising:
water;
pregelatinized and native starch, wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 0% to less than 30% by weight of the total starch in the composition;
natural fibers, wherein the fibers comprise long fibers having a length of more than 4 mm and short fibers having a length of less than 0.5 mm;
wherein a dispersion of the composition is such that the fibers are substantially separated from one another throughout a starch based matrix;
a mold release agent;
a flavoring agent; and
a coloring agent.
25. The composition of claim 24 wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 5% to less than 15% by weight of the total starch in the composition.
26. The composition of claim 24 further comprising a first protein or natural polymeric compound wherein the first protein or natural polymeric compound comprises casein or soy protein.
27. The composition of claim 24 further comprising a second protein to improve the mechanical properties of the composition when dry.
28. The composition of claim 27 wherein said second protein comprises albumen or gelatin.
29. The composition of claim 24 wherein the fibers have an average fiber length less than about 2 mm.
30. The composition of claim 29 wherein the fibers have an average aspect ratio in the range of 5:1 to 25:1.
31. The composition of claim 24 comprising filler material.
32. The composition of claim 31 wherein the filler material is organic.
33. The composition of claim 31 wherein the filler material comprises calcium carbonate, silica, calcium sulfate hydrate, magnesium silicate, micaceous minerals, clay minerals, titanium dioxide or talc.
34. The composition of claim 31 wherein the filler material has a concentration less than 25% by dry weight of the composition.
35. The composition of claim 31 wherein the filler material has a concentration less than 20% and greater than 5% by dry weight of the composition.
36. The composition of claim 31 wherein the filler material has a concentration less than 17% and greater than 7% by dry weight of the composition.
37. The composition of claim 24 further comprising a wax emulsion, wherein the wax emulsion comprises a natural wax.
38. The composition of claim 37 wherein the wax emulsion comprises emulsified carnuba wax or emulsified candelilla wax.
39. The composition of claim 24 wherein the mold release agent comprises a metal stearate compound, fatty acids, talc, fat or oil.
40. The composition of claim 39 wherein the metal stearate compound is selected from the group consisting of aluminum stearate, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, potassium stearate, sodium stearate, and zinc stearate.
41. The composition of claim 39 wherein the fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of oleic acid and linoleic acid.
42. A composition for use in making biodegradable containers comprising:
water;
starch,
fibers, wherein the fibers comprise long fibers having a length of more than 4 mm and short fibers having a length of less than 0.5 mm;
a mold release agent;
a wax emulsion; and
a first protein or natural polymeric compound,
wherein the composition consists essentially of food grade materials.