Non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys containing large-atom metals
The present invention relates to novel non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys represented by the general formula: Fe—Mn-(Q)-B-M, wherein Q represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, and M represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cr, Co, Mo, C and Si. Typically the atomic percentage of the Q constituent is 10 or less. An aspect is to utilize these amorphous steels as coatings, rather than strictly bulk structural applications. In this fashion any structural metal alloy can be coated by various technologies by these alloys for protection from the environment. The resultant structures can utilize surface and bulk properties of the amorphous alloy.
1. An amorphous alloy represented by the formula:
Fe 48 Cr 15 Mo 14 Er 2 C 15 B 6
and wherein for a test duration said alloy is exposed to an environment having a designated pH level, said alloy is determined to have a differential voltage, V, wherein differential voltage, V, equals E pit −E oc , wherein E pit is pitting potential and E oc is open circuit potential, wherein:
said alloy has a voltage differential, V, that is determined to have at least one of the following magnitudes:
if said PH level is equal to about 1.0, then V is equal to about 0.710 if said PH level is equal to about 6.5, then V is equal to about 0.883 and if said PH level is equal to about 11.0, then V is equal to about 1.129.
2. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of less than about 0.1 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
3. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 0.1 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
4. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 0.5 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
5. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 1 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
6. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 5 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
7. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 10 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
8. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 12 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
9. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into an article.
10. The alloy of claim 9 , wherein said processed article is provided by at least one of the following processing methods: melt spinning, atomization, spray forming, scanning-beam forming, plastic forming, casting, and compaction.
11. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into a coating.
12. The alloy of claim 11 , wherein said processed coating is provided by at least one of the following processing methods: melt spinning, atomization, spray forming, scanning-beam forming, plastic forming, casting, and compaction.
13. The alloy of claim 11 , wherein said coating comprises corrosion resistant type coating and/or wear-resistant type coating.
14. The alloy of claim 11 , wherein said coating is disposed on a structure selected from the group consisting of ship frames, submarine frames, vehicle frames, airplane walls and frames, ship walls, submarine walls, vehicle walls, armor penetrators, projectiles, protection armors, rods, train rails, cable armor, power shaft, and actuators, hand tools and medical implants and devices, cell phone and PDA casings, housings, and interior components, electronics and computer casings, housings and interior components.
15. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said alloy is processable into a structure selected from the group consisting of ship frames, submarine frames, vehicle frames, ship walls, submarine walls, vehicle walls, armor penetrators, projectiles, protection armors, rods, train rails, cable armor, power shaft, and actuators, hand tools and medical implants and devices, cell phone and PDA casings, housings, and interior components, electronics and computer casings, housings and interior components.
16. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said test duration is less than about 1 hour.
17. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said test duration is about 1 hour.
18. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein said test duration is greater than about 1 hour.
19. An amorphous alloy represented by the formula:
Fe 50 Cr 15 Mo 14 C 15 B 6
and wherein for a test duration said alloy is exposed to an environment having a designated pH level, said alloy is determined to have a differential voltage, V, wherein differential voltage, V, equals E pit −E oc , wherein E pit is pitting potential and E oc is open circuit potential, wherein:
said alloy has a voltage differential, V, that is determined to have at least one of the following magnitudes:
if said PH level is equal to about 1.0, then V is equal to about 0.087;
if said PH level is equal to about 6.5, then V is equal to about 0.244; and
if said PH level is equal to about 11.0, then V is equal to about 0.777.
20. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of less than about 0.1 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
21. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 0.1 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
22. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 0.5 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
23. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 1 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
24. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into hulk amorphous samples of at least about 5 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
25. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 10 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
26. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into bulk amorphous samples of at least about 12 mm in thickness in its minimum dimension.
27. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into an article.
28. The alloy of claim 27 , wherein said processed article is provided by at least one of the following processing methods: melt spinning, atomization, spray forming, scanning-beam forming, plastic forming, casting, and compaction.
29. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into a coating.
30. The alloy of claim 29 , wherein said processed coating is provided by at least one of the following processing methods: melt spinning, atomization, spray forming, scanning-beam forming, plastic forming, casting, and compaction.
31. The alloy of claim 29 , wherein said coating comprises corrosion resistant type coating and/or wear-resistant type coating.
32. The alloy of claim 29 , wherein said coating is disposed on a structure selected from the group consisting of ship frames, submarine frames, vehicle frames, airplane walls and frames, ship walls, submarine walls, vehicle walls, armor penetrators, projectiles, protection armors, rods, train rails, cable armor, power shaft, and actuators, hand tools and medical implants and devices, cell phone and PDA casings, housings, and interior components, electronics and computer casings, housings and interior components.
33. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said alloy is processable into a structure selected from the group consisting of ship frames, submarine frames, vehicle frames, ship walls, submarine walls, vehicle walls, armor penetrators, projectiles, protection armors, rods, train rails, cable armor, power shaft, and actuators, hand tools and medical implants and devices, cell phone and PDA casings, housings, and interior components, electronics and computer casings, housings and interior components.
34. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said test duration is less than about 1 hour.
35. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said test duration is about 1 hour.
36. The alloy of claim 19 , wherein said test duration is greater than about 1 hour.