Multi-cell electrochromic devices
A multi-cell electrochromic device comprising: first and second electrochromic device sub-assemblies which each comprise; a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith and second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; and an electrochromic medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium comprises: at least one solvent; at least one anodic electroactive material; at least one cathodic electroactive material; wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electroactive materials is electrochromic; and wherein the first and second electrochromic device sub-assemblies are in optical alignment, and further wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device exhibits a transmittance of less than approximately 1.5% in a low transmission state.
1. A multi-cell electrochromic device, comprising:
a first electrochromic device sub-assembly comprising:
a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith;
a second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; and
an electrochromic medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium comprises:
at least one solvent;
at least one anodic electroactive material;
at least one cathodic electroactive material; and
wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electroactive materials is electrochromic;
a second electrochromic device sub-assembly comprising:
a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith;
a second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; and
an electrochromic medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium comprises:
at least one solvent;
at least one anodic electroactive material;
at least one cathodic electroactive material; and
wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electroactive materials is electrochromic; and
wherein the first and second electrochromic device sub-assemblies are in optical alignment, and wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device exhibits a transmittance of less than approximately 1.5% in a low transmission state.
2. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device exhibits a transmittance of less than approximately 1.0% in a low transmission state.
3. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device exhibits a transmittance of less than approximately 0.5% in a low transmission state.
4. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device transitions upon clearing from a lowest transmission state to approximately 1% transmission in a shorter period of time than a single-cell electrochromic device having essentially the same optical properties.
5. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device transitions upon clearing from a lowest transmission state to approximately 2% transmission in a shorter period of time than a single-cell electrochromic device having essentially the same optical properties.
6. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the multi-cell electrochromic device sub-assembly substrates comprises a thickness of less than approximately 1 millimeter.
7. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein each one of the multi-cell electrochromic device sub-assembly substrates comprises a thickness of less than approximately 1 millimeter.
8. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device comprises an electrochromic window.
9. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein a substrate is coated with a reflective material.
10. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 9 , wherein the reflective material is selected from the group comprising chromium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, alloys and/or combinations of the same, and stacked layers thereof.
11. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 10 , wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device is an electrochromic mirror.
12. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , where the multi-cell electrochromic device is an aircraft transparency.
13. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device comprises a metallic ring around the perimeter.
14. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein an electrochromic medium further comprises at least one of a cross-linked polymer matrix, a free-standing gel, and a substantially non-weeping gel.
15. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein an electrochromic medium further comprises at least one redox buffer.
16. A multi-cell electrochromic device, comprising:
a first electrochromic device sub-assembly comprising:
a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith;
a second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; and
an electrochromic medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium comprises:
at least one solvent;
at least one anodic electroactive material;
at least one cathodic electroactive material; and
wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electroactive materials is electrochromic;
a second electrochromic device sub-assembly comprising:
a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith;
a second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; and
an electrochromic medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium comprises:
at least one solvent;
at least one anodic electroactive material;
at least one cathodic electroactive material; and
wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electroactive materials is electrochromic; and
wherein the first and second electrochromic device sub-assemblies are in optical alignment, and wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device exhibits a transmittance of less than approximately 1.0% in a low transmission state, and further wherein the multi-cell electrochromic device transitions upon clearing from a lowest transmission state to approximately 1% transmission in a shorter period of time than a single-cell electrochromic device having essentially the same optical properties.
17. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 16 , wherein at least one of the multi-cell electrochromic device sub-assembly substrates comprises a thickness of less than approximately 1 millimeter.
18. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 16 , wherein each one of the multi-cell electrochromic device sub-assembly substrates comprises a thickness of less than approximately 1 millimeter.
19. The multi-cell electrochromic device according to claim 16 , wherein an electrochromic medium further comprises at least one of a cross-linked polymer matrix, a free-standing gel, and a substantially non-weeping gel.
20. An aircraft transparency, comprising:
a first aircraft transparency sub-assembly comprising:
a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith;
a second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; and
an electrochromic medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium comprises:
at least one solvent;
at least one anodic electroactive material;
at least one cathodic electroactive material; and
wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electroactive materials is electrochromic;
a second aircraft transparency sub-assembly comprising:
a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith;
a second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; and
an electrochromic medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium comprises:
at least one solvent;
at least one anodic electroactive material;
at least one cathodic electroactive material; and
wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electroactive materials is electrochromic; and
wherein the first and second aircraft transparency sub-assemblies are in optical alignment, and wherein the aircraft transparency exhibits a transmittance of less than approximately 1.0% in a low transmission state.