Metabolic-based methods for modulating gene expression

1. A method for reducing gene expression in a mammalian cell for genes operably linked to an Neuron Restrictive Silencing Element (NRSE) that is recognized by an Neuron-Restrictive Silencing Factor (NRSF) transcriptional repressor, comprising the step of changing reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) concentrations in the cell, wherein gene expression for genes operably linked to an NRSE element is decreased when the amount of NADH in the cell is reduced, and the amount of NADH in the cell is decreased by inhibiting enzymatic activity of a glycolytic enzyme wherein the glycolytic enzyme is hexokinase (E.C. 2.7.1.1), glucokinase (E.C. 2.7.1.2), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (E.C. 5.3.1.9), 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.11), fructose bisphosphate aldolase (E.C. 4.1.2.13), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.2.1.12), triose phosphate isomerase (E.C. 5.3.1.1), phosphoglycerate kinase (E.C. 2.7.2.3), phosphoglyceromutase (E.C. 5.4.2.1), or pyruvate kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.40).

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the glycolytic enzyme is glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (E.C. 5.3.1.9).

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (E.C. 5.3.1.9) is inhibited by contacting the cell with 2-deoxy-D-glucose, 3-deoxy-D-glucose, 4-deoxy-D glucose, 5-deoxy-D-glucose, 2, n-deoxy-D-glucose, where n=3-5, n, m-deoxy-D-glucose, where n=2-5 and m=integers from 2-5 excluding n, sugars that can be metabolized into 2-DG, including 2-deoxy-D-galactose, halogenated and other conjugated derivatives of deoxy sugars, including fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, conjugated deoxy sugars that are metabolized to 2-DG, or iodoacetate.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (E.C. 5.3.1.9) is inhibited by contacting the cell with 2-deoxy-D-glucose.