Iron-based contrast agent
A contrast agent having a metal core and an inert shell forming a single cluster is disclosed. The metal core is iron-based and has an octa-nuclear structure. It is surrounded by a cluster of pyrazolate groups. Ligands can be attached to the cluster to provide water solubility and to target specific tissues or provide specific contrast properties.
1. A water-soluble contrast agent especially suitable for use in magnetic resonance imaging comprising an octanuclear iron-pyrazolate cluster wherein the water-soluble contrast agent reduces a longitudinal relaxation time of water (T 1 ) by a factor of at least two with a concentration of 1 mM.
2. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 1 , wherein the octanuclear iron-pyrazolate cluster comprises:
Fe 8 (μ 4 -O) 4 (μ-4-R- pz ) 12 L 4
where the portion of the compound identified as μ 4 -O is a quadruply bridging oxygen atom, where the portion of the compound identified as μ-4-R-pz is a bridging pyrazole ring having a substituent group R bonded at the 4 position of the pyrazole ring, and the portion of the compound identified as L is a terminal ligand.
3. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 2 , wherein the substitutent group R comprises a hydrophilic group.
4. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 3 , wherein the substituent group R is selected from the group consisting of CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH, CO 2 CH 3 , CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 .
5. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 2 , wherein the substituent group R comprises a hydrophobic group and wherein the contrast agent further comprises a surfactant.
6. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 5 , wherein the substituent group R is selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, I, CH 3 , CH 2 CH 2 Cl, CH 2 CH 2 Br, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C 1 and CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Br.
7. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 5 , wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a cyclodextrin and polyoxyethylene products of hydrogenated vegetable oils, polyethoxylated castor oils or polyethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil.
8. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble contrast agent reduces the longitudinal relaxation time of water (T 1 ) by a factor of at least ten with a concentration of 2 mM.
9. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble contrast agent reduces the transverse relaxation time of water (T 2 ) by a factor of at least two.
10. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble contrast agent reduces the transverse relaxation time of water (T 2 ) by a factor of at least ten with a concentration of 2 mM.
11. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 2 , wherein the substitutent group R comprises iodine and wherein the water-soluble contrast agent exhibits contrast enhancement in computer tomography.
12. A water-soluble contrast agent especially suitable for use in magnetic resonance imaging comprising an octanuclear iron-pyrazolate cluster wherein the water-soluble contrast agent reduces a transverse relaxation time of water (T 2 ) by a factor of at least two with a concentration of 1 mM.
13. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 12 , wherein the octanuclear iron-pyrazolate cluster comprises:
Fe 8 (μ 4 -O) 4 (μ-4-R- pz ) 12 L 4
where the portion of the compound identified as μ 4 -O is a quadruply bridging oxygen atom, where the portion of the compound identified as μ-4-R-pz is a bridging pyrazole ring having a substituent group R bonded at the 4 position of the pyrazole ring, and the portion of the compound identified as L is a terminal ligand.
14. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 13 , wherein the substitutent group R comprises a hydrophilic group.
15. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 14 , wherein the substituent group R is selected from the group consisting of CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH, CO 2 CH 3 , CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 .
16. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 13 , wherein the substituent group R comprises a hydrophobic group and wherein the contrast agent further comprises a surfactant.
17. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 16 , wherein the substituent group R is selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, I, CH 3 , CH 2 CH 2 Cl, CH 2 CH 2 Br, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C 1 and CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Br.
18. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 16 , wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a cyclodextrin and polyoxyethylene products of hydrogenated vegetable oils, polyethoxylated castor oils or polyethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil.
19. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 12 , wherein the water-soluble contrast agent reduces the transverse relaxation time of water (T 2 ) by a factor of at least ten with a concentration of 2 mM.
20. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 12 , wherein the water-soluble contrast agent reduces the longitudinal relaxation time of water (T 1 ) by a factor of at least ten with a concentration of 2 mM.
21. The water-soluble contrast agent of claim 13 , wherein the substitutent group R comprises iodine and wherein the water-soluble contrast agent exhibits contrast enhancement in computer tomography.
22. A water-soluble contrast agent especially suitable for use in magnetic resonance imaging comprising an octanuclear iron-pyrazolate cluster wherein the water-soluble contrast agent reduces a longitudinal relaxation time of water (T 1 ) and a transverse relaxation time of water (T 2 ) sufficient to produce detectable contrast in magnetic resonance imaging.
23. A contrast agent comprising a compound given by the formula:
Fe 8 (μ 4 -O) 4 (μ-4-R- pz ) 12 L 4
where the portion of the compound identified as μ 4 -O is a quadruply bridging oxygen atom, where the portion of the compound identified as μ-4-R-pz is a bridging pyrazole ring having a substituent group R bonded at the 4 position of the pyrazole ring, and the portion of the compound identified as L is a terminal ligand, wherein the contrast agent reduces a longitudinal relaxation time of water (T 1 ) and a transverse relaxation time of water (T 2 ) sufficient to produce detectable contrast in magnetic resonance imaging.