Varnish for forming liquid crystal alignment layer and liquid crystal display element using the same
A varnish for forming a liquid crystal alignment layer is prepared by formulating a polymer obtained by using a silsesquioxane derivative represented by the formula (1), and a solvent. In the formula (1), R independently represents an unsubstituted phenyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or t-butyl group, and Y 1 independently represents a group selected from the following formulae (a-1) to (a-6).
1. A varnish for forming a liquid crystal alignment layer comprising:
a polymer obtained by reacting a silsesquioxane derivative represented by the formula (1-4) with a diamine; and
a solvent,
where in the formula (1-4), R independently an unsubstituted phenyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or t-butyl, and Y 4 independently represent a group represented by the formula (a-4) or (b-1),
R 4 represents a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X 14 represents an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbons atoms or unsubstituted phenyl, R 5 represents a single bond or a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbons atoms, and X 14 represents an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbons atoms or an unsubstituted phenyl, wherein at least one kind of the diamine is a silsesquioxane derivative represents by the formula (9-1),
where in the formula (9-1), R 6 independently represents an alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, whereby optional —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, and optional hydrogen may be replaced by halogen, R 7 represents a single bond or a divalent organic group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and R 8 represents a trivalent organic group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
2. The varnish according to claim 1 , wherein R is an unsubstituted phenyl.
3. A varnish for forming a liquid crystal alignment layer comprising:
a polymer obtained by reacting a silsesquioxane derivative represented by the formula (1-4) with a silsesquioxane derivative represented by the formula (9-1); and
a solvent,
where in the formula (1-4), R independently represents an unsubstituted phenyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or t-butyl, and Y 4 independently represents a group represented by the formula (a-4) or (b-1),
R 4 represents a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X 14 represents an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or unsubstituted phenyl, R 5 represents a single bond or a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X 14 represents an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or unsubstituted phenyl,
where in the formula (9-1), R 6 independently represents an alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, whereby optional —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, and optional hydrogen may be replaced by halogen, R 7 represents a single bond or a divalent organic group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and R 8 represents a trivalent organic group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
4. The varnish according to claim 3 , wherein R 6 independently represents a fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl.
5. The varnish according to claim 3 wherein R 6 independently represents trifluoromethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl, tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl, heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl, perfluoro-1H,1H,2H,2H-dodecyl, perfluoro-1H,1H,2H,2H-tetradecyl, pentafluorophenyl, or 4-fluorophenyl.
6. The varnish according to claim 3 wherein R 8 represents a benzenetriyl or trifluorobenzenetriyl.
7. The varnish according to claim 3 , wherein R is an unsubstituted phenyl.
8. The varnish according to claim 3 wherein R is an unsubstituted phenyl and R 6 independently represents a fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl.
9. The varnish according to claim 3 wherein R is an unsubstituted phenyl, and R 6 independently represents trifluoromethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl, tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl, heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl, perfluoro-1H,1H,2H,2H-dodecyl, perfluoro-1H,1H,2H,2H-tetradecyl, pentafluorophenyl, or 4-fluorophenyl.
10. The varnish according to claim 3 wherein R is an unsubstituted phenyl and R 8 represents a benzenetriyl or trifluorobenzenetriyl.
11. A liquid crystal display element which comprises an alignment layer formed by using the varnish according to claim 1 .
12. A liquid crystal display element which comprises an alignment layer formed by using the varnish according to claim 3 .