Synthetic mimics of mammalian cell surface receptors: method and compositions
The present invention relates to new synthetic receptors. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of the synthetic receptors for delivering a protein, peptide, drug, prodrug, lipid, nucleic acid, carbohydrate or small molecule into a target cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis. According to the invention, novel synthetic mimics of cell surface receptors have been designed and methods for use of the same are disclosed.
1. A synthetic cell receptor for delivering a target into a cell comprising:
a target-binding motif; and
a linker region linking a membrane-binding element with the target-binding motif, wherein said linker region comprises at least one subunit of beta-alanine, and wherein the membrane-binding element of a derivative of 3β-cholesterylamine has the formula of:
wherein the R is an N-alkyl and wherein said element anchors said receptor into a cell plasma membrane.
2. The receptor of claim 1 wherein said target-binding motif binds to at least one of the following: a protein, a polypeptide, a peptide, an antibody, an immunoglobulin, a ligand, a cytokine, a growth factor, a nucleic acid, a lipid, membrane, a carbohydrate, a drug, a prodrug, a small molecule or a fragment thereof.
3. The receptor of claim 1 wherein said target-binding motif is covalently linked to at least one of the following: a protein, a polypeptide, a peptide, an antibody, an immunoglobulin, a ligand, a cytokine, a growth factor, a nucleic acid, a lipid, membrane, a carbohydrate, a drug, a prodrug, a small molecule or a fragment thereof.
4. The receptor of claim 1 wherein the membrane-binding element spans a plasma membrane of a living cell.
5. The receptor of claim 2 wherein said target-binding motif binds or is covalently linked to at least one of the following: vancomycin, teicoplanin, methotrexate, interleukin-2 (IL-2), an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, hemagglutinin, listeriolysin O, GALA, endoporter, or poly(alkylacrylic acid).
6. A pharmaceutical composition for treating or diagnosing a disease or disorder comprising:
a synthetic cell receptor for delivering a target into a cell comprising:
a target-binding motif;
a linker region linking a membrane-binding element with the target-binding motif, wherein said linker region comprises at least one subunit of beta-alanine, and
wherein the membrane-binding element of a derivative of 3β-cholesterylamine has the formula of:
wherein the R is an N-alkyl and wherein said element anchors said receptor into a cell plasma membrane; and
a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
7. The composition of claim 6 wherein said target-binding motif binds or is covalently linked to a polypeptide, a peptide, an antibody, a ligand, a cytokine, a growth factor, an immunoglobulin, a nucleic acid, a lipid, a carbohydrate, a membrane, a prodrug, a drug, a small molecule or a fragment thereof.
8. The composition of claim 7 wherein said target-binding motif binds vancomycin, teicoplanin, methotrexate, interleukin-2 (IL-2), an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof.
9. The composition of claim 6 wherein said target-binding motif is a metal chelator.
10. The composition of claim 6 wherein said composition is used in magnetic resonance imaging applications, enzyme replacement therapy, or vaccines, to treat or diagnose viral, yeast, or bacterial infections, cancer, inflammation, contraception, or diseases of the immune system.