Process for producing continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites
A method and system for reinforcing a fluoropolymer with continuous fibers are provided. The method comprises pulling a tow of fiber through a dispersion bath to impregnate the tow fibers with a fluoropolymer. The method further comprises drying the impregnated tow, followed by baking off any surfactant residue. The method further comprises consolidating the impregnated particles into the exterior and interior voids of the tow fibers.
1 . A method for reinforcing a thermoplastic material with continuous fibers, the method comprising:
moving a tow of fiber through a dispersion bath to impregnate the tow fibers with a thermoplastic;
drying the impregnated tow;
baking the dried impregnated tow; and
consolidating the baked impregnated tow, wherein the tow is continuously moved as it is being impregnated, dried, baked and consolidated.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic is a fluoropolymer.
3 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising moving the tow through a second dispersion bath, and re-drying the tow.
4 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing the tow from a distribution element before it is moved through the dispersion bath.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispersion bath comprises a dispersion solution.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the dispersion solution comprises a carrier fluid.
7 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the dispersion solution comprises a surfactant.
8 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the dispersion solution comprises particles of the thermoplastic material.
9 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising moving the tow through one or more flattening rollers.
10 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising gathering the tow onto a collecting element after it is consolidated.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the collecting element is a spool.
12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the collecting element is a mandrel.
13 . A system for reinforcing a thermoplastic material with continuous fibers, comprising:
a dispersion bath for impregnating a tow of fiber with a thermoplastic;
a drying element for drying the impregnated tow;
a baking element for baking the dried impregnated tow;
a consolidation element for sintering thermoplastic particles together and forcing them into interior and exterior voids of the tow fibers; and
a collecting element for continuously moving the tow through the dispersion bath, the drying element, the baking element, and the consolidation element, as the tow is being impregnated, dried, baked and consolidated.
14 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the environment surrounding the dispersion bath has a humidity of approximately 100%.
15 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the drying element is operated between the temperatures of approximately 120° and 140° C.
16 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the baking element is operated between the temperatures of approximately 220° and 250° C.
17 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the consolidation element is operated between the temperatures of approximately 320° and 330° C.
18 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the drying element, baking element, and consolidation element are located in one zone of a furnace.
19 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the drying element, baking element, and consolidation element are located in separate zones of a single furnace.
20 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the drying element is a separate heating apparatus.
21 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the baking element is a separate heating apparatus.
22 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the consolidation element is a separate heating apparatus.
23 . A method for reinforcing a thermoplastic material with continuous fibers, the method comprising:
moving a tow through a co-extruder to impregnate the tow fibers with a thermoplastic; and
consolidating the impregnated tow by moving it through a consolidation element, where the tow is continuously moved as it is passing through the co-extruder and the consolidation element.
24 . The method of claim 23 , further comprising moving the tow through one or more flattening rollers.
25 . The method of claim 23 , further comprising removing the tow from a distribution element before it is moved through that co-extruder.
26 . The method of claim 23 , further comprising gathering the tow onto a collecting element after it is consolidated.
27 . The method of claim 26 , wherein the collecting element is a spool.
28 . The method of claim 26 , wherein the collecting element is a mandrel.
29 . A system for reinforcing a thermoplastic material with continuous fibers, comprising:
a co-extruder for wetting and impregnating a tow of fiber with a thermoplastic;
a consolidation element for sintering the impregnated thermoplastic particles together and forcing them into interior and exterior voids of the tow fibers; and
a collection element for continuously moving the tow through the co-extruder and the consolidation element.
30 . The system of claim 29 , wherein the tow enters the co-extruder in a cold zone.
31 . The system of claim 29 , wherein the co-extruder has a nozzle.