Composite material, in particular composite membrane, and process for the production of the same
Composite materials are provided. A representative material is configured as a composite membrane for gas separation, vapor separation, or pervaporation. The composite membrane comprises at least a first polymer and a second polymer. Processes for the production of composite materials, in particular composite membranes, also are provided.
1. A composite material comprising at least one polymer and a second polymer, wherein:
the second polymer is a coordination polymer;
the coordination polymer is a metal organic framework (MOF) with permanent porosity; and
the coordination polymer is in crystal form.
2. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the composite material is a composite membrane.
3. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the composite material is configured as a composite membrane for gas separation, vapor separation, or pervaporation.
4. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the coordination polymer is in the form of a crystal cluster.
5. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the coordination polymer is catalytically active.
6. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein crystal size is in the range from 0.1 .mu.m to 10 .mu.m.
7. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein crystal size is in the range from 0.4 .mu.m to 1 .mu.m.
8. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer is formed as a polymer matrix.
9. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer is a material from which a dense membrane can be produced.
10. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the coordination polymer has an elementary cell size in the range of 0.5 to 1 nm.
11. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the coordination polymer is modified to be at least partly non-polar.
12. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein a gas selectivity of more than 13 is provided as the ratio of n-butane to methane.
13. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein a gas selectivity of more than 16 is provided as the ratio of n-butane to methane.
14. The composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the coordination polymer has an elementary cell size in the range of 0.3 to 10 nm.
15. The composite material according to claim 14 , further comprising an intercalate introduced into the elementary cells of the coordination polymer.
16. A composite membrane comprising a thin layer of a composite material according to claim 1 applied on a porous base.
17. The composite membrane according to claim 16 , wherein a thickness of the layer is in a range of 0.3 .mu.m to 2 .mu.m.
18. The composite membrane according to claim 16 , wherein a thickness of the layer is in a range of 0.5 .mu.m to 1 .mu.m.
19. A gas separation reactor or pervaporation reactor with a composite material, the composite material comprising at least one polymer and a second polymer, wherein:
the second polymer is a coordination polymer;
the coordination polymer is a metal organic framework (MOF) with permanent porosity; and
the coordination polymer is in crystal form.