Detection of survivin in the biological fluids of cancer patients
The present invention includes a method for diagnosing cancer comprising detecting the presence of survivin in the biological fluid of a patient. The present invention also provides kits comprising one or more agents that detect survivin polypeptide or survivin nucleic acid and a container for collecting biological fluid for testing.
1. A method of diagnosing cancer in a patient comprising performing an assay on a sample of biological fluid from a patient wherein the assay comprises a single detection step that consists of detecting only the presence or absence of survivin in the sample, wherein the presence of survivin indicates that the patient has cancer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is any cancer invading the genitourinary tract.
3. The method for claim 2 , wherein the genitourinary tract cancer is bladder or prostate cancer.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the bladder or prostate cancer is graded as a carcinoma in situ (“CIS”).
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the bladder or prostate cancer is any grade or any stage.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein survivin is detected using an agent selected from the group consisting of antibodies that bind survivin, survivin binding partners, and nucleic acids that hybridize to a nucleic acid encoding survivin.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the agent is tagged with a label.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the label is a radioactive label, a fluorescent label, an enzyme, or a chemiluminescent tag.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein survivin is detected by an immunoassay.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the immunoassay is an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay or radioimmunoassay.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the immunoassay comprises immunoblotting, immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, or immunoprecipitation.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein survivin is detected by dot blotting.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein dot blotting comprises using a Bio-Dot SF module.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein survivin is detected by nucleic acid hybridization.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the nucleic acid hybridization is RT-PCR or Northern blot analysis.
16. A kit for the diagnosis, prognosis, or monitoring of cancer, comprising a container for collecting a biological fluid from a patient and a means for detecting survivin, wherein the means for detecting survivin consists of a single detection agent that detects only the presence of survivin in the biological fluid.
17. The kit of claim 16 , wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of antibodies that bind survivin, survivin binding partners, and nucleic acids that hybridize to the nucleic acid encoding survivin.
18. The kit of claim 17 , wherein the agent is tagged with a label.
19. The kit of claim 17 , wherein the label is a radioactive label, a fluorescent label, an enzyme, or a chemiluminescent tag.
20. The kit of claim 16 , wherein the agent is packaged in an aqueous medium or in lyophilized form.
21. The kit of claim 16 , further comprising a component for analyzing the presence of survivin.
22. The kit of claim 16 , wherein the cancer is bladder or prostate cancer.
23. A method of determining the grade of a cancer in a patient comprising a single detection step that consists of detecting only the presence of survivin in a sample of biological fluid from a patient and quantitating and normalizing only the amount of survivin in the sample and comparing the amount of survivin in the sample with the amount of survivin in control samples to determine the grade of the cancer in the patient.
24. A method of determining the stage of a cancer in a patient comprising a single detection step that consists of detecting only the presence of survivin in a sample of biological fluid from a patient and quantitating and normalizing only the amount of survivin in the sample and comparing the amount of survivin in the sample with the amount of survivin in control samples to determine the stage of the cancer in the patient.
25. A method of monitoring cancer in a patient comprising a single detection step that consists of detecting only the presence of survivin in a sample of biological fluid from a patient and quantitating and normalizing only the amount of survivin in the sample.
26. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is any cancer that expresses survivin.
27. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of neuroblastoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, genitourinary tract cancer, prostate cancer, renal cancer, and bladder cancer.
28. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is new onset cancer or recurrent cancer.
29. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method of claim 1 has a sensitivity of 100% and wherein the cancer is bladder cancer.
30. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method of claim 1 has a specificity of 95% and wherein the sample is from a patient with other neoplastic or non-neoplastic genito-urinary diseases than new or recurrent bladder cancer.
31. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological fluid comprises nucleic acid or protein.
32. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological fluid comprises cellular debris.
33. The method of claim 31 , wherein the cellular debris comprises protein or nucleic acid.
34. The method of claim 31 , wherein the cellular debris comprises exfoliated cells or transitional cells.
35. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises obtaining a pellet from the biological fluid prior to the detection step and the detection step consists of detecting only the presence or absence of survivin in the pellet.
36. The method of claim 35 , wherein the pellet is obtained by centrifugation, filtration, chromatography, or combinations thereof.
37. The method of claim 35 , wherein the pellet comprises cellular debris.
38. The method of claim 37 , wherein the cellular debris comprises exfoliated cells or transitional cells.
39. The method of claim 35 , wherein the method further comprises solubilizing the pellet.
40. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises separating out the supernatant from the biological fluid to obtain a pellet prior to the detection step.
41. The method of claim 40 , wherein the detection step consists of detecting only the presence or absence of survivin in the pellet.
42. The method of claim 40 , wherein the detection step consists of detecting only the presence or absence of survivin in the supernatant.
43. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological fluid is selected from the group consisting of whole urine, whole blood, bodily fluid, prostatic fluid, breast biopsy fluid, gastrointestinal fluid, and vaginal fluid.
44. The method of claim 16 , wherein the biological fluid is selected from the group consisting of whole urine, whole blood, whole bodily fluid, prostatic fluid, breast biopsy fluid, gastrointestinal fluid, and vaginal fluid.
45. The method of claim 23 , wherein the biological fluid is selected from the group consisting of whole urine, whole blood, bodily fluid, prostatic fluid, breast biopsy fluid, gastrointestinal fluid, and vaginal fluid.
46. The method of claim 24 , wherein the biological fluid is selected from the group consisting of whole urine, whole blood, bodily fluid, prostatic fluid, breast biopsy fluid, gastrointestinal fluid, and vaginal fluid.
47. The method of claim 25 , wherein the biological fluid is selected from the group consisting of whole urine, whole blood, bodily fluid, prostatic fluid, breast biopsy fluid, gastrointestinal fluid, and vaginal fluid.