Webbed immunogens comprising recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoproteins and the M9 scorpion toxin
HIV envelope immunogens that display multivalent epitopes are provided. The immunogens are aggregated, “webbed” HIV envelope immunogens in which native envelope structures are stabilized due to interactions with multimeric derivatives of M9 scorpion toxin.
1. A webbed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope immunogen comprising an admixture of the following:
a) a recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein or truncated variant thereof; and
b) a recombinant scorpion toxin M9 domain multimer;
wherein said M9 multimer comprises the M9 protein fused to a peptide and that promotes the multimerization of M9;
and wherein said HIV-1 envelope and M9 fusion protein upon admixing form a high-molecular weight, highly immunogenic aggregate through noncovalent associations.
2. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein said peptide that promotes the multimerization of M9 is the bacteriophage T4 fibritin protein.
3. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein said HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is selected from the group consisting of rpg160, rpg140, rpg120, rgp160 3 and rgp140 3 .
4. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein said HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein or truncated variant thereof is a recombinant HIV-1 envelope protein selected from the group consisting of subtype A, subtype B, subtype C, subtype D, subtype E, subtype J and dade G.
5. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein said HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein or truncated variant thereof is a truncated variant selected from the group consisting of rgp160, rgp140, rgp120, rgp160 3 and rgp140 3 .
6. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein an HIV-envelope disulfide loop is replaced with amino acids 552-593 of the Ebola virus gp2 heptad repeat domain.
7. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein said recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein or truncated variant thereof comprises a rigid linker between gp120 and gp41.
8. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein said peptide that promotes the multimerization of M9 is selected from the group of bacteriophage T4 fibritin, Fc domain of non-human primate or human IgG or IgA, cholera toxin, or GCN4.
9. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein said scorpion toxin comprises a reporter tag.
10. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 9 , wherein said reporter tag comprises a poly (His) sequence.
11. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 , wherein either or both said recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein or truncated variant thereof, and said recombinant scorpion toxin M9 domain multimer comprise a leader sequence.
12. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 11 , wherein said leader sequence is from a source selected from the group consisting of human tissue plasminogen activator signal peptide, human interferon, human chromogranin, humans casein beta, tumor rejection antigen-1 gp96, and human zona pellucida glycoprotein 2 preprotein.
13. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 wherein said recombinant HTV-1 envelope glycoprotein or truncated variant thereof and said multimer of a recombinant scorpion toxin M9 domain are associated by hydrogen bonding.
14. The webbed HIV-1 envelope immunogen of claim 1 wherein said HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein or truncated derivative thereof and said recombinant scorpion toxin M9 domain multimer are associated by Van der Waals forces.