Processes for producing an aqueous solution containing chlorine dioxide
A process for producing chlorine dioxide comprises flowing an aqueous acidified chlorite salt solution of into a catalyst element, wherein the catalyst element comprises an aluminosilicate hydrogel-bonded porous ceramic support defining a plurality of tortuous pathways and catalyst particles and/or catalytic sites disposed on surfaces defining the tortuous pathways; and contacting the aqueous solution of chlorous acid with the catalyst particles and/or catalytic sites to form chlorine dioxide in the aqueous solution.
1 . A process for producing chlorine dioxide comprising:
flowing an aqueous solution of an acidified chlorite salt into a catalyst element, wherein the catalyst element comprises a porous aluminosilicate hydrogel-bonded ceramic composition defining a plurality of tortuous pathways and catalyst particles and/or catalytic sites disposed on surfaces defining the tortuous pathways; and
contacting the acidified chlorite salt solution with the catalyst particles and/or catalytic sites to form chlorine dioxide in the aqueous solution.
2 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein flowing the acidified chlorite solution into the catalyst element first comprises contacting an alkali metal chlorite solution with a cation exchange material in a hydrogen form to form the acidified chlorite salt solution.
3 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein flowing the acidified chlorite solution into the catalyst element first comprises contacting an alkali metal chlorite solution with an acid to form the acidified chlorite salt solution.
4 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein flowing the acidified chlorite solution into the catalyst element first comprises feeding an alkali metal chlorite solution to an acidification cell to form the acidified chlorite solution.
5 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein a pH of the acidified chlorite salt solution is about 2 to about 3.
6 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the acidified chlorous salt comprises chlorous acid.
7 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the porous aluminosilicate hydrogel-bonded ceramic composition comprises a refractory ceramic material, a particulate metal powder, a gel strengthening agent, a surfactant, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
8 . The process according to claim 7 , wherein the refractory ceramic material comprises about 50 to about 90 weight percent of the porous ceramic support.
9 . The process according to claim 7 , wherein the refractory ceramic material comprises cordierite, calcined kyanite, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
10 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst element has a cylindrical shape having an open end, a plugged end, and impermeable walls extending between the open end and the plugged end.
11 . A process for producing chlorine dioxide comprising:
flowing an alkali metal chlorite solution through an electrochemical acidification cell;
exchanging the alkali metal with a proton to generate an effluent comprising an aqueous solution of acidified chlorite salt;
flowing the aqueous solution of an acidified chlorite salt into a catalyst element, wherein the catalyst element comprises a porous aluminosilicate hydrogel-bonded ceramic composition defining a plurality of tortuous pathways and catalyst particles and/or catalytic sites disposed on surfaces defining the tortuous pathways; and
contacting the aqueous solution of the acidified chlorite salt with the catalyst particles and/or catalytic sites to form chlorine dioxide in the aqueous solution.
12 . The process according to claim 11 , wherein a pH of the acidified chlorite salt is about 2 to about 3.
13 . The process according to claim 11 , wherein the acidified chlorous salt comprises chlorous acid.
14 . A process for making a catalyst element, the process comprising:
admixing solutions of an aluminate, a silicate, porosity generating compounds, and a ceramic material;
molding the admixture and forming an aluminosilicate hydrogel bonded porous ceramic structure having a defined porosity with a plurality of tortuous pathways; and
contacting the surfaces of the tortuous pathways with a catalyst material; and heating the porous aluminosilicate hydrogel-bonded ceramic structure at a temperature and time effective to activate the catalyst material so as to form the catalyst element.
15 . The process of claim 14 , wherein the aluminate to the silicate is at a molar ratio of about 0.45 to about 1.0.
16 . The process of claim 14 , wherein the ceramic material is at weight percentage of 50% to 90% based on an overall weight of the rigid porous ceramic structure.
17 . The process of claim 14 , wherein the porosity generating compounds comprise a metal compound and alkali, wherein the metal compound and the alkali react to form a hydrogen gas.
18 . The process of claim 14 , wherein the porous aluminosilicate hydrogel-bonded ceramic structure has an average pore volume of 0.001 to 5.0 cubic centimeters per gram.
19 . The process of claim 14 , wherein the catalyst material comprises a metal or an oxide of the metal, wherein the metal comprises an element of Groups 3-10 and 14 of a Periodic Table of Elements.