Monocomponent monolayer meltblown web and meltblowing apparatus
A porous monocomponent nonwoven web contains a bimodal mass fraction/fiber size mixture of intermingled continuous microfibers and larger size fibers of the same polymeric composition. There are at least five times as many microfibers as larger size fibers, and a histogram of the mass fraction of fibers vs. fiber size exhibits a larger size fiber mode greater than 10 μm. The web may be made by flowing fiber-forming material through a die cavity having larger size orifices and at least five times as many smaller size orifices to form filaments, attenuating the filaments into fibers and collecting the attenuated fibers to form the nonwoven web. The web is especially well suited to the manufacture of self-supporting three dimensional articles such as molded cup-shaped respirators and pleated air filters.
1. A porous monocomponent self-supporting nonwoven web comprising a monolayer matrix containing a bimodal fiber count/fiber size mixture of intermingled meltblown attenuated microfibers and meltblown attenuated monocomponent larger size fibers of the same polymeric composition, wherein there are at least five times as many microfibers as larger size fibers, wherein a histogram of the mass fraction of fibers vs. fiber size exhibits a larger size fiber mode of from about 10 μm, to 50 μm, wherein the larger size fibers have a maximum diameter of about 50 μm, and wherein the monolayer matrix comprises a generally uniform distribution of fiber sizes throughout a cross-section of the web.
2. A nonwoven web according to claim 1 wherein there are at least 6 times as many microfibers as larger size fibers.
3. A nonwoven web according to claim 1 wherein there are at least 10 times as many microfibers as larger size fibers.
4. A nonwoven web according to claim 1 wherein the histogram of mass fraction vs. fiber size in μm exhibits a microfiber mode of about 1 to about 5 μm and a larger size fiber mode of about 12 to about 30 μm.
5. A nonwoven web according to claim 1 wherein a histogram of fiber count (frequency) vs. fiber size in μm exhibits at least two modes whose corresponding fiber sizes differ by at least 50% of the smaller fiber size.
6. A nonwoven web according to claim 1 wherein a histogram of fiber count (frequency) vs. fiber size in μm exhibits at least two modes whose corresponding fiber sizes differ by at least 100% of the smaller fiber size.
7. A nonwoven web according to claim 1 having a basis weight of about 80 to about 250 gsm.
8. A nonwoven web according to claim 1 which exhibits less than 5% maximum penetration when exposed to a 0.075 μm sodium chloride aerosol flowing at a 13.8 cm/sec face velocity.
9. A nonwoven web according to claim 1 wherein the polymer is polypropylene.
10. The porous monocomponent nonwoven web of claim 1 wherein the intermingled microfibers and larger size fibers comprise continuous fibers.
11. The porous monocomponent web of claim 10 wherein the intermingled continuous microfibers and larger size fibers comprise a ratio of length to size of at least about 10,000.
12. The porous monocomponent web of claim 1 wherein the web is charged.
13. The porous monocomponent web of claim 1 wherein a histogram of the mass fraction of fibers vs. fiber size exhibits a larger size fiber mode of about 10 to about 40 μm.
14. The porous monocomponent web of claim 1 wherein the larger size fibers have a size range of from about 10 μm, to 50 μm.