Piezoelectric substance, piezoelectric element, liquid discharge head using piezoelectric element, and liquid discharge apparatus
A piezoelectric material, characterized in that a main component of the piezoelectric substance is PZT, which has perovskite type structure expressed in Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )O 3 (x expresses an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti in the formula), an element ratio Pb/(Zr+Ti) of Pb, Zr and Ti of the piezoelectric substance is 1.05 or more, and an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti is 0.5 to 0.8 inclusive, and the piezoelectric substance has at least a perovskite type structure of monoclinic system.
1. A piezoelectric substance, wherein a main component of the piezoelectric substance is PZT which has a perovskite type structure expressed as Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )O 3 ,
x expresses an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti,
an element ratio Pb/(Zr+Ti) of Pb, Zr, and Ti of the piezoelectric substance is 1.05 or more,
an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti is 0.5 to 0.8 inclusive, and
the piezoelectric substance has at least a perovskite type structure of a monoclinic system.
2. The piezoelectric substance according to claim 1 , wherein a Curie temperature Tc of the piezoelectric substance and a Curie temperature Tc 0 in bulk at the element ratio of Zr and Ti of the piezoelectric substance satisfy a relation of Tc>Tc 0 +50° C.
3. The piezoelectric substance according to claim 1 , wherein a film thickness of the piezoelectric substance is 1 to 10 μm inclusive.
4. The piezoelectric substance according to claim 1 , wherein lattice constants a and c of the piezoelectric substance satisfy a relation of 1.005<c/a<1.05.
5. The piezoelectric substance according to claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric substance is a uniaxial crystal or a single crystal.
6. The piezoelectric substance according to claim 5 , wherein the piezoelectric substance has <100> orientation.
7. A piezoelectric element which has a pair of electrodes and a piezoelectric substance, wherein a main component of the piezoelectric substance is PZT which has a perovskite type structure expressed as Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )O 3 ,
x expresses an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti,
an element ratio Pb/(Zr+Ti) of Pb, Zr, and Ti of the piezoelectric substance is 1.05 or more,
an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti is 0.5 to 0.8 inclusive, and
the piezoelectric substance has at least a perovskite type structure of a monoclinic system.
8. The piezoelectric element according to claim 7 , wherein at least one of the electrodes includes an electrode made of oxide with perovskite type structure which has <100> orientation.
9. A liquid discharge head which has an individual liquid chamber communicating with a discharge port, and a piezoelectric element which is provided in correspondence with the individual liquid chamber, and which includes a piezoelectric substance having a pair of electrodes, and discharges liquid in the individual liquid chamber from the discharge port, wherein a main component of the piezoelectric substance is PZT which has a perovskite type structure expressed as Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )O 3 ,
x expresses an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti,
an element ratio Pb/(Zr+Ti) of Pb, Zr, and Ti of the piezoelectric substance is 1.05 or more, and
an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti is 0.5 to 0.8 inclusive, and
the piezoelectric substance has at least a perovskite type structure of a monoclinic system.
10. A liquid discharge apparatus which has a liquid discharge head which discharges liquid, wherein a piezoelectric element which generates energy for discharging liquid has a piezoelectric substance and a pair of electrodes, and wherein a main component of the piezoelectric substance is PZT which has a perovskite type structure expressed as Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )O 3 ,
x expresses an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti,
an element ratio Pb/(Zr+Ti) of Pb, Zr, and Ti of the piezoelectric substance is 1.05 or more,
an element ratio Zr/(Zr+Ti) of Zr and Ti is 0.5 to 0.8 inclusive, and
the piezoelectric substance has at least a perovskite type structure of a monoclinic system.