Methods for ex vivo propagation of adult hepatic stem cells
The present invention is directed to methods for readily propagating somatic liver stem cells. The methods comprise enhancing guanine nucleotide (GNP) biosynthesis, thereby expanding guanine nucleotide pools. This in turn conditionally suppresses asymmetric cell kinetics in the explanted cells. The methods of the invention include pharmacological methods and genetic methods. For example, the resulting cultured somatic liver stem cells can be used for a variety of applications including cell replacement therapies, gene therapies, drug discovery applications, and tissue engineering applications, such as the generation of artificial liver.
1. A method for deriving clonal cell lines of somatic liver stem cells comprising:
a) plating at confluent cell density a starting liver cell population containing a population of somatic liver stem cells;
b) culturing the starting liver cell population containing a population of somatic liver stem cells at confluent cell density of step a) in a culture media with reduced serum;
c) adding to the culture media of step b) growth factors TGF-β and EGF, and a guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus, wherein said guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus is present in an amount of 50 μM-5 mM;
d) culturing the starting liver cell population of step c) for a time sufficient to permit TGF-β and EGF to induce differentiation and growth arrest of non-stem cells and permit stem cell growth;
e) expanding the cells of step d) in the culture media comprising 50 μM-5 mM of a guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus;
f) growing individual cell colonies from the cells of step e) in the culture media comprising 50 μM-5 mM of a guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus, and transferring said individual colonies to single wells of a culture plate; and
g) culturing and expanding said individual cell colonies that were isolated in step f) in the culture media comprising 50 μM-5 mM of a guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus resulting in expansion of said isolated cells thereby deriving clonal cell lines of somatic liver stem cells.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the starting liver cell population of step a) to step d) is cultured in media that contains about 1% serum.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising obtaining the starting liver cell population from a mammal.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the starting liver cell population was previously isolated from a mammal.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus is present in an amount of 50 μM-1,500 μM.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus is xanthine, xanthosine or hypoxanthine.
7. A method of culturing and expanding somatic liver stem cells ex vivo, comprising:
a) plating at confluent cell density a starting liver cell population isolated from a mammal containing a population of somatic liver stem cells;
b) culturing the starting liver cell population containing a population of somatic liver stem cells at confluent cell density of step a) in a culture media with reduced serum;
c) adding to the culture media of step b) growth factors TGF-β and EGF, and a guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus, wherein said guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus is present in an amount of 50 μM-5 mM;
d) culturing the starting liver cell population of step c) for a time sufficient to permit TGF-β and EGF to induce differentiation and growth arrest of non-stem cells and permit stem cell growth; and
e) expanding the cells of step d) in the culture media comprising 50 μM-5 mM of a guanine nucleotide precursor having a xanthine nucleus.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the starting liver cell population of step a) to step d) is cultured in media that contains about 1% serum.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the starting liver cell population of step e) to step g) is cultured in media that contains about 10% serum.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the starting liver cell population of step f) and step g) is cultured in media without growth factors TGF-β and EGF.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the starting liver cell population of step e) is cultured in media that contains about 10% serum.