Method of protecting against staphylococcal infection
A method of preventing or treating staphylococcal bacterial infection in an individual is disclosed. A vaccine based on a conjugate of PS1 polysaccharide antigen can be used for active protection in individuals who are to be subjected to conditions that place them at immediate risk of developing a bacterial infection, as would be case in the context of a catheterization or a surgical procedure. Alternatively, antibodies raised in response to the antigen can be used to treat or to provide passive protection to individuals. The method can be used in a population of patients at risk for infection by various species of Staphylococcus or various types of Staphylococcus epidermidis.
1. A method for reducing the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in a patient in a population of patients at risk for infection by Staphylococcus comprising administering to a patient in the population a composition comprising a conjugate of an isolated S. epidermidis antigen with an immunocarrier, wherein the antigen binds with antibodies to S. epidermidis deposited under ATCC 55254, wherein the conjugate of the isolated S. epidermidis antigen produces antibodies that protect against a species or type of Staphylococcus other than S. epidermidis deposited under ATCC 55254, and wherein the antigen comprises a 1,3-poly(glycerol phosphate) polymer chain and N-acetyl-glucosamine residues attached to the 2-position of the glycerol.
2. A method for reducing the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in a patient in a population of patients at risk for infection by Staphylococcus aureus , comprising administering to a patient in said population a composition comprising a conjugate of an immunocarrier and an isolated S. epidermidis antigen that contains a 1,3-poly(glycerol phosphate) polymer chain and N-acetyl-glucosamine residues attached to the 2-position of the glycerol, wherein the antigen binds with antibodies to S. epidermidis deposited under ATCC 55254, wherein the isolated S. epidermidis antigen produces antibodies that protect against S. aureus , and wherein the antigen comprises a 1,3-poly(glycerol phosphate) polymer chain and N-acetyl-glucosamine residues attached to the 2-position of the glycerol.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said population of patients is at risk for infection by both coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said immunocarrier is a T-cell dependent immunogen.
5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said immunocarrier is a polypeptide or protein.
6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said antigen reacts with whole cell antisera to the S. epidermidis strain ATCC 55254 in a double immunodiffusion assay to produce a single precipitin band.
7. A method according to claim 6 , wherein antiserum produced in response to said antigen is not reactive with 1,3-poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acids or with lipoteichoic acids which contain N-acetyl-glucosamine.
8. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said antigen reacts with whole cell antisera to the S. epidermidis strain ATCC 55254 in a double immunodiffusion assay to produce a single precipitin band.
9. A method according to claim 8 , wherein antiserum produced in response to said antigen is not reactive with 1,3-poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acids or with lipoteichoic acids which contain N-acetyl-glucosamine.
10. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said immunocarrier is Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A.
11. A method according to claim 2 , wherein said immunocarrier is Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A.