Curable polymeric water based coating compositions and resulting coatings with barrier properties for gases and laminate structures
A coating composition is provided for use in laminate substrates useful in packaging of liquids and solids where the coating provides and increased resistance to the permeability of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. In one embodiment the coating composition is a dispersion or a solution that comprises at least one hydroxyl functional polyetheramine, phosphoric acid and a defoamer. The backbone of the polyetheramine has diglycidyl ether linkages that comprise about 5 to about 70 mole percent resorcinol diglycidyl ether. The coating composition can be applied to substrates by coating applications such as spraying, rolling reverse and direct, rolling direct and reverse gravure, kiss coat, flow coating, brushing, dipping and curtain-wall coating, for example.
1. A curable polymeric coating composition comprising:
at least one of a water dispersion or a solution comprising, by weight:
from about 70 percent to less than about 100 percent polyetheramine, based on the weight of solids of the coating composition, the polyetheramine prepared by contacting one or more of a diglycidyl ether with a difunctional amine under conditions sufficient to cause the amine moieties to react with epoxy moieties to form a polymer backbone having amine linkages, ether linkages and pendant hydroxyl moieties, and wherein the diglycidyl ethers comprises from about 5 to about 70 mole percent resorcinol diglycidyl ether;
from about 1 percent to about 30 percent phosphoric acid, based on the weight of solids of the coating composition;
a defoamer; and
wherein the coating composition comprises no aminoplast.
2. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition comprises:
from about 10 weight percent to about 90 weight percent solids; and
from about 90 weight percent to about 10 weight percent carrier, based on the weight of the coating composition.
3. The coating composition of claim 2 , wherein the carrier is selected from: water, organic solvents, and mixtures thereof.
4. The coating composition of claim 1 , further comprising an alcohol.
5. The coating composition of claim 1 , further comprising from about 0.05 weight percent to about 5 weight percent alcohol, based on the weight of solids in the coating composition.
6. The coating composition of claim 5 , wherein the alcohol is selected from isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE), and mixtures thereof.
7. The coating composition of claim 1 , further comprising from greater than zero to up to about 15 weight percent aprotic and protic acid selected from the group of: lactic acid, acetic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, and mixtures thereof, based on the weight of the solids of the coating composition.
8. The coating composition of claim 1 , further comprising from greater than zero and up to about 15 weight percent lactic acid, based on the weight of the solids of the coating composition.
9. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the defoamer comprises a non-aqueous defoamer.
10. The coating composition of claim 9 , wherein the defoamer comprises a compound selected from: silicones, alcohols, glycol ethers, mineral spirits, acetylene diols, polysiloxanes, and mixtures thereof.
11. The coating composition of claim 9 , wherein the defoamer comprises polysiloxane.
12. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein
a coating layer comprises a residue of the coating composition,
wherein the coating layer is disposed between a first polymer layer and a second polymer layer, or the first polymer layer is disposed between the coating layer and the second polymer layer,
wherein the first polymer layer comprises a polymer selected from the group of: poly(alkyleneterephthalate), polyolefins, polyamide and mixtures thereof; and
wherein the second polymer layer comprises a polymer selected from the group of: poly(alkyleneterephthalate), polyolefins, polyamide and mixtures thereof.
13. The laminate structure of claim 12 , further comprising at least one decorative layer disposed between the coating layer and the second polymer layer.
14. The laminate structure of claim 13 , wherein there is no bonding layer between the decorative layer and coating layer.
15. The laminate structure of claim 13 , wherein the decorative layer is selected from the group of: an ink layer, a metal layer, and a varnish.
16. The laminate structure of claim 13 , wherein the decorative layer is disposed between the coating layer and the second polymer layer, wherein there is no bonding layer between the decorative layer and the first polymer layer, and wherein there is no bonding layer between the coating layer and the decorative layer.
17. The laminate structure of claim 12 , wherein the coating layer is applied to at least one of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer by a method selected from the group of: spraying, roll coating, kiss coating, flow coating, brushing, dipping and curtain roll-coating.
18. The laminate structure of claim 17 , wherein the coating layer has undergone stretching such that the coating layer has a surface area that is about 6 to about 10 times its surface area when it was applied to at least one of the first polymer layer and second polymer layer.
19. The laminate structure of claim 12 , wherein the coating layer further comprises, based on the weight of the solids of the coating composition, at least one of:
from about .05 weight percent to about 5 weight percent alcohol; and
an amount from greater than zero to up to about 15 weight percent lactic acid.
20. The laminate structure of claim 12 , further comprising at least one of a crosslinker, an alcohol, or an aprotic or protic acid.
21. The laminate structure of claim 12 , wherein the first polymer layer comprises at least two film layers and wherein each of the at least two film layers comprises a polymer which is different.
22. The laminate structure of claim 12 , further comprising at least one decorative layer and a bonding layer disposed between the first polymer layer and the coating layer.
23. The laminate structure of claim 12 , wherein the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer are substrates.
24. A curable polymeric coating composition comprising:
least one of a water dispersion or a solution comprising, by weight:
from about 70 percent to less than about 100 percent polyetheramine, based on the weight of solids of the coating composition, the polyetheramine prepared by contacting one or more of a diglycidyl ether with a difunctional amine under conditions sufficient to cause the amine moieties to react with epoxy moieties to form a polymer backbone having amine linkages, ether linkages and pendant hydroxyl moieties, and
wherein the diglycidyl ether comprises from about 10 to about 50 mole percent resorcinol diglycidyl ether;
from about 1 percent to about 30 percent phosphoric acid, based on the weight of solids of the coating composition;
a defoamer; and
from about 0.05 weight percent to about 5 weight percent alcohol, based on the weight of solids in the coating composition; and
wherein the coating composition comprises no aminoplast.
25. The coating composition of claim 24 , further comprising:
an amount from greater than zero to up to about 15 weight percent lactic acid, based on the weight of the solids of the coating composition; and
from about 0.05 weight percent to about 5 weight percent alcohol,
wherein the alcohol is selected from isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE), and mixtures thereof; and
wherein the defoamer comprises polysiloxane.