Cellular-based preemption system
A cellular-based preemption system that uses existing cellular infrastructure to transmit preemption related data to allow safe passage of emergency vehicles through one or more intersections. A cellular unit in an emergency vehicle is used to generate position reports that are transmitted to the one or more intersections during an emergency response. Based on this position data, the one or more intersections calculate an estimated time of arrival (ETA) of the emergency vehicle, and transmit preemption commands to traffic signals at the intersections based on the calculated ETA. Additional techniques may be used for refining the position reports, ETA calculations, and the like. Such techniques include, without limitation, statistical preemption, map-matching, dead-reckoning, augmented navigation, and/or preemption optimization techniques, all of which are described in further detail in the above-referenced patent applications.
1 . A system for controlling traffic for allowing passage of an emergency vehicle through an intersection controlled by traffic signals, the system comprising:
means for placing the emergency vehicle in an emergency mode;
means for transmitting a trigger signal responsive to the emergency vehicle being placed in the emergency mode;
a cellular unit in the emergency vehicle receiving the trigger signal and in response, generating position data for the cellular unit; and
means coupled to the cellular unit for transmitting the generated position data for forwarding to the intersection controlled by the traffic signals, wherein the traffic signals are configured to be controlled based on an estimated time of arrival of the emergency vehicle, the estimated time of arrival being calculated based on the position data.
2 . The system of claim 1 further comprising:
an intersection module associated with the intersection, the intersection module being programmed to:
receive the generated position data;
calculate the estimated time of arrival of the emergency vehicle based on the position data; and
transmit one or more preemption commands for preempting the traffic signals based on the estimated time of arrival.
3 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the intersection module is further programmed to:
receive real time status information of the traffic signals;
monitor timing of traffic signal phases based on the received real time status information; and
transmit the one or more preemption commands based on the monitored timing of the traffic signal phases.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the cellular unit includes a global positioning system (GPS) receiver for generating the position data.
5 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the means for transmitting the position data transmits the position data via a cellular network.
6 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the means for transmitting the position data transmits the position data without disabling use of the cellular unit for an active call.
7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the means for transmitting the position data transmits the position data to a vehicle transponder, and the vehicle transponder forwards the position data to the intersection.
8 . The system of claim 1 further comprising:
an on-board diagnostics circuitry coupled to the emergency vehicle and providing vehicle speed and acceleration, wherein preemption of the traffic signals is based the vehicle speed and acceleration.
9 . The system of claim 1 further comprising:
one or more navigation sensor units coupled to the emergency vehicle and providing vehicle navigation data, wherein preemption of the traffic signals is based on the vehicle navigation data.
10 . A system for controlling traffic for allowing passage of an emergency vehicle through an intersection controlled by traffic signals, the system comprising:
means for placing the emergency vehicle in an emergency mode;
means for transmitting a trigger signal responsive to the emergency vehicle being placed in the emergency mode; and
a cellular unit in the emergency vehicle receiving the trigger signal and in response, transmitting a location request to a cellular station,
wherein, the cellular station is configured to receive the location request, generate position data of the cellular unit in response to the location request, and transmit the position data for forwarding to the intersection controlled by the traffic signals,
wherein, the traffic signals are configured to be controlled based on an estimated time of arrival of the emergency vehicle, the estimated time of arrival being calculated based on the position data.
11 . The system of claim 10 further comprising:
an intersection module associated with the intersection, the intersection module being programmed to:
receive the generated position data;
calculate the estimated time of arrival of the emergency vehicle based on the position data; and
transmit one or more preemption commands for preempting the traffic signals based on the estimated time of arrival.
12 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the intersection module is further programmed to:
receive real time status information of the traffic signals;
monitor timing of traffic signal phases based on the received real time status information; and
transmit the one or more preemption commands based on the monitored timing of the traffic signal phases.
13 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the means for transmitting the position data transmits the position data via a cellular network.
14 . The system of claim 10 further comprising:
an on-board diagnostics circuitry coupled to the emergency vehicle and providing vehicle speed and acceleration, wherein preemption of the traffic signals is based on the vehicle speed and acceleration.
15 . The system of claim 10 further comprising:
one or more navigation sensor units coupled to the emergency vehicle and providing vehicle navigation data, wherein preemption of the traffic signals is based on the vehicle navigation data.
16 . The system of claim 10 , wherein controlling of the traffic signals is based on computation of a statistical likelihood of the emergency vehicle crossing the intersection.
17 . The system of claim 10 , wherein controlling f the traffic signals is based on intelligent map-matching.
18 . A method for controlling traffic for allowing passage of an emergency vehicle through an intersection controlled by traffic signals, the method comprising:
placing the emergency vehicle in emergency mode;
transmitting a trigger signal to a cellular unit in the emergency vehicle responsive to the emergency vehicle being placed in the emergency mode;
generating position data for the cellular unit responsive to the trigger signal; and
transmitting the generated position data for forwarding to the intersection controlled by the traffic signals, wherein the traffic signals are configured to be controlled based on an estimated time of arrival of the emergency vehicle, the estimated time of arrival being calculated based on the position data.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the position data is generated by a global positioning system (GPS) receiver in the emergency vehicle.
20 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the position data is generated by a cellular station in communication with the cellular unit.