Stable ascorbic acid compositions
Compositions include vitamin C, water and a reducing sugar, result in increased stability of vitamin C. Further the addition of alcohol to aqueous vitamin C compositions increased the stability of vitamin C. Moreover, aqueous vitamin C compositions having surfactant included therein enhance the absorption of vitamin C into skin. Methods of using the stable vitamin C compositions are also described.
1 . A composition comprising:
vitamin C;
water; and
a reducing sugar.
2 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the reducing sugar is selected from the group consisting of mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, maltitol, lactitol, and combinations thereof.
3 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the reducing sugar is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of the total composition.
4 . A composition according to claim 1 wherein the vitamin C is present in an amount of about 5.0% to about 40% by weight of the total composition.
5 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the water is present in an amount of about 40% to about 96.0% by weight of the total composition.
6 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein water is present in an amount greater than 40% by weight of the total composition and vitamin C is present in an amount greater than 15% by weight of the total composition.
7 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the pH is about 2 to about 6.
8 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the pH is below 5.
9 . A composition according to claim 1 comprising a salt selected from the group consisting of acid addition salt, base addition salt, metal salts, alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, amine addition salts, amino acid addition salts, and combinations thereof.
10 . A composition according to claim 9 , wherein the salt is present in an amount of about 0.01% to about 4.0% by weight of the total composition.
11 . A composition according to claim 9 wherein the salt comprises calcium hydroxide, zinc chloride and combinations thereof.
12 . A composition according to claim 1 , comprising surfactant.
13 . A composition according to claim 12 wherein the surfactant is present in an amount of about 0.01% to about 20% by weight of the total composition.
14 . A composition according to claim 12 , wherein the surfactant comprises sodium lauryl sulfate, cetearyl alcohol, sodium cetearyl sulfate, PEG-1000 monocetyl ether, quaternary ammonium salt, polyol ester glycerol monostearate, potassium stearate, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, fatty acids, saponins, carbomers, or combinations thereof.
15 . A composition according to claim 1 comprising a secondary reducing agent.
16 . A composition according to claim 1 wherein the secondary reducing agent is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of the total composition.
17 . A composition according to claim 15 , wherein the secondary reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of bisulfites, metabisulfites and salts thereof, sodium metabisulfite, propyl gallate and sulfites, and combinations thereof.
18 . A composition according to claim 1 comprising a preservative.
19 . A composition according to claim 18 , wherein the preservative is an antimicrobial preservative selected from the group consisting of amine salts, Na metabisulfite, phenoxyethanol, quaternary ammonium salts, and combinations thereof.
20 . A composition according to claim 1 comprising alcohol.
21 . A composition according to claim 20 , wherein the alcohol is present in an amount of about 0.01% to about 20% by weight of the total composition.
22 . A method of increasing absorption of vitamin C in skin comprising:
topically applying a composition comprising vitamin C, water, surfactant, and a reducing sugar.
23 . A method according to claim 22 wherein the surfactant is anionic.
24 . A method according to claim 22 wherein the surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate.
25 . A method according to claim 22 wherein the surfactant is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of the total composition.
26 . A method according to 22 wherein the surfactant is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 5.0% by weight of the total composition.
27 . A method according to 22 wherein the water is present in an amount greater than 40% by weight of the total composition and vitamin C is present in an amount greater than 15% by weight of the total composition.
28 . A composition comprising:
vitamin C in an amount greater than 15% by weight of the total composition;
a salt selected from the group consisting of acid addition salt, base addition salt, metal salts, alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, amine addition salts, amino acid addition salts, and combinations thereof,
water in an amount greater than 40% by weight of the total composition;
a secondary reducing agent; and
reducing sugar selected from the group consisting of mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, maltitol, lactitol, and combinations thereof.
29 . A method of improving the appearance of skin comprising the steps of:
(a) stabilizing ascorbic acid in a solution which comprises water, a reducing sugar, and salt wherein at least about 0.1% of the total weight of said cosmetic solution is reducing sugar; and
(b) topically applying said solution to the area of skin to be affected such that said ascorbic acid is absorbed by said skin.
30 . A method according to claim 29 wherein said solution comprises the composition of claim 1 .
31 . A method according to claim 29 wherein the solution comprises surfactant.
32 . A method according to claim 29 wherein the solution comprises alcohol.