Therapeutic Strategy for Treating Autoimmune and Degenerative Diseases
Numerous diseases have been linked to the production of effector cells. The present invention relates to the realization that effector cells are cycling in these diseases. In addition, the present invention relates to the determination that regulator cells are cycling in degenerative diseases. Based on these realizations, the present invention provides methods for treating conditions such as autoimmune diseases, degenerative diseases, and graft-versus-host disease. The present invention also relates to methods of determining when therapy should be administered to a patient.
1 . A method for analyzing effector cell and/or regulator cell cycling to determine when an agent should be administered to a patient suffering from a disease characterized by the production of effector cells and/or a degenerative disease, the method comprising
i) monitoring the patient, or samples obtained therefrom, for fluctuations in at least one of:
a) effector cell numbers and/or activity, b) regulator cell numbers and/or activity, c) a molecule associated with the disease, and/or d) an immune system marker and
ii) determining when an agent should be administered to the patient, based on said monitoring.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
iii) exposing the patient to an agent at the determined time for administration of the agent, to treat the disease.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the agent is administered when, or just before, effector cells begin clonally expanding.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the immune system marker is an acute phase inflammatory marker.
5 . (canceled)
6 . The method according to of claim 2 , wherein the agent is administered between when the levels of an acute phase inflammatory marker have reached their lowest point and before the marker peaks in the next cycle.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease characterized by the production of effector cells is an autoimmune disease or transplantation rejection.
8 . (canceled)
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the effector cells are CD8+CD4−T cells.
10 . (canceled)
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the regulator cells are CD4+CD8−T cells.
12 . (canceled)
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the patient is monitored for a period of at least 7 days.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the patient is monitored at least about every 3 days.
15 . (canceled)
16 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of anti-proliferative drugs, anti-metabolic drugs, radiation, dsRNA and antibodies which inhibit the production, limit the function of and/or activity of effector cells.
17 - 19 . (canceled)
20 . A method for analyzing effector cell an/or regulator cell cycling to diagnose a disease characterized by the production of effector cells and/or a degenerative disease, the method comprising monitoring the patient, or samples obtained therefrom, for fluctuations in at least one of: a) effector cell numbers and/or activity, b) regulator cell numbers and/or activity, c) a molecule associated with the disease, and/or d) an immune system marker, wherein cycling of any one of a) to d) indicates the disease may be present.
21 - 30 . (canceled)
31 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease is a degenerative disease.
32 . The method of claim 2 ,
wherein the timing of administration of the agent is selected such that the activity of effector cells is not significantly reduced.
33 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the degenerative disease is selected from: Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Lou Gehrig's disease and a prion related disease.
34 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease is characterized by the production of effector cells.
35 - 49 . (canceled)
50 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the disease is a degenerative disease.
51 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the agent is a vaccine.
52 . The method of claim 32 , wherein the disease is a degenerative disease and the agent is a vaccine.
53 . The method of claim 52 , wherein the vaccine is administered about when the levels of effector cells are increasing, about when the levels of a molecule associated with the disease begin to decrease, and/or about when the levels of an acute phase inflammatory marker begin to increase.
54 - 66 . (canceled)