Fuel cell based power generation systems and methods of operating the same
A power generation system has a fuel cell stack and at least one condensation point in the system at which water present after shutdown of the power generation system can condense or collect. Drying after shutdown is improved by maintaining a temperature gradient between the condensation point and at least one other component in the power generation system after shutdown. In one embodiment, the temperature gradient is maintained by housing the fuel cell stack in a thermally insulated container and arranging the condensation point outside of the insulating container. In another embodiment, drying after shutdown is accomplished with an adsorption unit having a water-adsorbing material arranged in a desired location within the power generation system.
1. A fuel cell based power generation system comprising:
a first component that is operable to condense water present in the power generation system after an operational shutdown of the system, the first component having a first temperature after said operational shutdown;
at least one other component having a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature of the first component after said operational shutdown, said at least one other component comprising a fuel cell stack having at least one fuel cell; and
a subsystem to maintain a temperature gradient between the first component and the at least one other component for a period of time after the operational shutdown; wherein,
the subsystem comprises a first thermal insulator that houses the at least one other component;
the first component is situated outside the first thermal insulator, and attenuates weakening of the temperature gradient; and
the first component is a condenser.
2. The power generation system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one other component is selected from the group of components consisting of a sensor, a valve, and a fan.
3. The power generation system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a thermal bridge coupling the first thermal insulator to a second component of the power generation system, the second component being located outside of the first thermal insulator.
4. The power generation system of claim 3 wherein the thermal bridge is operable to selectively transfer heat from the first thermal insulator to the second component.
5. The power generation system of claim 1 , further comprising: a water adsorbing material located within the power generation system to attract at least some water present within the system after the operational shutdown of the system.
6. The power generation system of claim 1 , wherein the subsystem comprises a fan to cool the first component.
7. The power generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell stack of the at least one other component is in fluid communication with the first component.
8. A fuel cell based power generation system comprising:
a first component that is operable to condense water present in the power generation system after an operational shutdown of the system, the first component having a first temperature after said operational shutdown;
at least one other component having a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature of the first component after said operational shutdown, said at least one other component comprising a fuel cell stack having at least one fuel cell; and
a subsystem to maintain a temperature gradient between the first component and the at least one other component for a period of time after the operational shutdown; wherein,
the subsystem comprises a first thermal insulator that houses the at least one other component;
the first component is situated outside the first thermal insulator, and attenuates weakening of the temperature gradient; and
the subsystem further comprises a second thermal insulator that houses a second component.
9. The power generation system of claim 8 , wherein the second component is selected from the group of components consisting of a sensor, a valve, and a fan.
10. The power generation system of claim 8 , further comprising a thermal bridge coupling the first thermal insulator to the second thermal insulator to allow heat transfer therebetween.
11. The power generation system according to claim 10 , wherein the thermal bridge is made of a thermally conductive material.
12. The power generation system according to claim 11 , wherein the thermally conductive material is copper.