Apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions
An organic synthesis microreactor mixes fluids in a very narrow space and causes the fluids to react in multiple stages. The reactor consists of an introduction portion and a reaction portion disconnectably connected. The introduction portion introduces reagents from channels and, if necessary, mixes and reacts the reagents. The reaction portion accepts a reagent or reaction liquid from the introduction portion and mixes and reacts the reagent or reaction liquid with other reagent.
1 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions, the apparatus being adapted to mix plural fluids in a quite small space and to cause the fluids to react with each other at multiple stages, said apparatus comprising:
an introduction portion which introduces plural reagents from plural channels and which, when a need arises, mixes and reacts the reagents; and
a reaction portion disconnectably connected with the introduction portion and acting to cause a reagent or reaction liquid introduced from the introduction portion to mix and react with other reagents;
wherein said introduction portion has (a) an inlet channel for introducing a reagent, which is introduced from the outside, into said reaction portion and (b) a first discharge channel for discharging the reaction liquid, which is discharged from said reaction portion, to the outside; and
wherein said reaction portion has (a) a reaction channel in communication with said inlet channel and acting to cause plural reagents sent in from the inlet channel to mix and react with each other and (b) a second discharge channel for placing the reaction channel and the first discharge channel in communication with each other to return reaction liquid produced in the reaction channel into the introduction portion.
2 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said introduction portion is a microchip made of a substrate made of a chemical resistant resin and provided with microchannels, and wherein said reaction portion is a microchip made of a substrate of glass or quartz and provided with microchannels.
3 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in any one of claims 1 and 2 , wherein said introduction portion has inlet holes for introducing reagents and a discharge hole for discharging the reaction liquid, and wherein the inlet holes and the discharge hole are flush with each other.
4 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in claim 2 , wherein said microchannels are formed in both surfaces of a substrate of glass or quartz by wet etching or drilling, and wherein the apparatus is finished by holding the channeled substrate between two plates of glass or quartz and bonding together the substrate and plates by thermocompression after formation of the microchannels.
5 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in claim 4 , wherein said substrate has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm.
6 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in claim 2 , wherein said reaction portion assumes a cylindrical or prismatic form having a length of 50 to 300 mm and a maximum width of 2 to 10 mm.
7 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in any one of claims 2 and 4 , wherein said microchannels have a width and a depth of 50 to 500 μm.
8 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in any one of claims 1 and 2 , wherein said reaction portion has a detection portion for use with an analytical instrument for analyzing the reaction liquid.
9 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in claim 8 , wherein said analytical instrument is at least one of NMR, ESR, and thermal lens microscope.
10 . An apparatus for organic synthesis and reactions as set forth in claim 3 , wherein an electrospray nozzle for use with a mass spectrometer for analyzing the reaction liquid is mounted in the discharge hole in said introduction portion.