Protein/solubility folding assessed by structural complementation
Many proteins, when produced recombinantly, suffer from improper processing, folding and lack normal solubility. Modified proteins, including those indicative of disease states, also can have such defects. The present invention is directed to methods of identifying proper and improper protein folding, aberrant processing and/or insolubility. The method relies on the use of two components: a specialized fusion protein and structural complementation. The fusion protein contains sequences from the protein of interest and one portion of a marker protein that, by itself, is not active. A host cell then provides the remainder of the marker protein that serves to “complement” the function of the fused marker protein such that their association restores activity, permitting detection.
1. A method for screening a candidate modulator substance for modulation of protein folding and/or solubility comprising:
a) providing an expression construct comprising (i) a gene encoding fusion protein, said fusion protein comprising a protein of interest fused to a first segment of a marker protein, wherein said first segment exhibits only systematic effects on the folding or solubility of the protein of interest, and (ii) a promoter active in said host cell and operably linked to said gene;
b) contacting said fusion protein with a second segment of said marker protein, wherein said second segment is capable of structural complementation with said first segment, wherein contacting takes place in the presence of said candidate modulator substance; and
c) determining structural complementation,
wherein a relative change in structural complementation, as compared to the structural complementation observed in the absence of said candidate modulator substance, indicates that said candidate modulator substance is a modulator of protein folding and/or solubility.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fusion is C-terminal to said protein of interest.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fusion is N-terminal to said protein of interest.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said marker protein is selected from the group consisting of a target binding protein, an enzyme, a protein inhibitor, a chromophore.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said host cell is selected from the group consisting of a bacterial cell, an insect cell, a yeast cell, a nematode cell, a mammalian cell.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said candidate modulator substance is selected from the group consisting of a protein, a nucleic acid or a small molecule.