Wash-durable and color stable antimicrobial treated textiles
The present invention provides for a color stable antimicrobial coatings and coating systems comprising a silver ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent. In particular, coatings and coating systems having little, if any, discoloration are provided with no loss of antimicrobial efficacy.
1. An antimicrobial textile comprising one or more natural or synthetic fibers or filaments having associated therewith an antimicrobial agent said antimicrobial agent comprising a predominant amount of a water soluble zinc salt in combination with at least one source of antimicrobial silver ions and at least one source of copper ions, which may be the same source as the source of the silver ions, wherein the weight ratio of zinc salt to the source(s) of silver and copper ions is from 1:1 to 20:1.
2. The antimicrobial textile of claim 1 comprising from about 0.01 to about 20 percent by weight of the antimicrobial agent, wherein the weight ratio of silver ions to copper ions is from 1:10 to 10:1.
3. The antimicrobial textile of claim 1 comprising from about 0.02 to about 10 percent by weight of the antimicrobial agent, wherein the weight ratio of the zinc salt to the source of silver and copper ions is from 2:1 to 10:1 and the weight ratio of silver ions to copper ions is from 5:1 to 1:5.
4. The antimicrobial textile of claim 1 wherein the source of copper and silver ions is a single source providing both silver and copper ions and is selected from the group consisting of antimicrobial silver and copper metal or metal ion containing water soluble glasses and antimicrobial silver and copper ion containing ion-exchange type antimicrobial agents.
5. The antimicrobial textile of claim 4 wherein the source of copper and silver ions is ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent having both ion-exchanged silver and copper ions.
6. The antimicrobial textile of claim 5 wherein the ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent comprises a ceramic carrier having ion-exchanged antimicrobial metal ions, said ceramic carrier being selected from the group zeolites, calcium phosphates, hydroxyapatites, and zirconium phosphates.
7. The antimicrobial textile of claim 5 wherein the ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent is a zeolite having ion-exchanged silver and copper ions.
8. The antimicrobial textile of claim 1 wherein the source of copper and silver ions is a combination of sources, each source being independently selected from the group consisting of antimicrobial metal or metal ion containing water soluble glasses and antimicrobial metal ion containing ion-exchange type antimicrobial agents, at least one of which is a source of silver ions and at least one of which is a source of copper ions.
9. The antimicrobial textile of claim 8 wherein the ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent comprises a ceramic carrier having ion-exchanged antimicrobial metal ions, said ceramic carrier being selected from the group zeolites, calcium phosphates, hydroxyapatites, and zirconium phosphates.
10. The antimicrobial textile of claim 8 wherein the source of copper and silver ions is a combination of an ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent having both ion-exchanged silver and copper ions and either a second ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent having silver ions but no copper ions or a water soluble glass having silver metal or silver ions but not copper metal or copper ions or both.
11. The antimicrobial textile of claim 10 wherein both sources are antimicrobial zeolites.
12. The antimicrobial textile of claim 1 wherein the textile is in the form of a fiber, yarn, filament, fabric, or textile.
13. The antimicrobial textile of claim 1 wherein the antimicrobial agent is impregnated into or coated onto the surface of the textile.
14. The antimicrobial textile of claim 13 wherein a binder system adheres the antimicrobial agent to the textile.
15. The antimicrobial textile of claim 1 wherein the textile comprises synthetic fibers or filaments, alone or in combination with natural fibers or filaments, and the antimicrobial agent is impregnated into, coated onto or incorporated into the synthetic fibers or filaments.
16. The antimicrobial textile of claim 15 wherein the antimicrobial agent is adhered to the surface of the synthetic fibers or filaments by a binder system.
17. The antimicrobial textile of claim 15 wherein the antimicrobial agent is impregnated into the surface of the synthetic fibers or filaments, such impregnation having been achieved by the use of a solvent capable of swelling the synthetic polymer comprising the synthetic fiber or filament in combination with the antimicrobial agent, which solvent sufficiently swells the synthetic polymer so as to allow the antimicrobial agent to infuse into the swelled polymer material prior to driving off the solvent.
18. The antimicrobial textile of claim 15 wherein the antimicrobial agent is incorporated into the synthetic polymer material from which the synthetic fibers or filaments are made prior to making the same.
19. The antimicrobial textile of claim 18 wherein the synthetic fiber or filament is a core-sheath type fiber or filament wherein the antimicrobial agent is incorporated into the polymer comprising the sheath, the core or both.
20. The antimicrobial textile of claim 1 wherein the water soluble zinc salt is selected from the group consisting of zinc salts of carboxylic acids, zinc oxide, zinc acetate, zinc borate, zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc bromide, zinc nitrate, zinc hydrophosphite, zinc oxalate, zinc oleate, and zinc peroxide.