Methods of treating or preventing peritonitis with oxidative reductive potential water solution

1. A method of preventing or treating peritonitis in a patient, the method comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of an oxidative reductive potential water solution, wherein the solution is stable for at least about two months, and the solution has a pH of from about 6.2 to about 7.8, a chlorine dioxide level that is less than about 5 ppm, and wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises one or more species selected from the group consisting of hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ions, and combinations thereof.

2. The method of claim 1 , comprising contacting the peritoneal tissue in the patient with a therapeutically effective amount of the oxidative reductive potential water solution.

3. The method of claim 1 , comprising delivering a therapeutically effective amount of the oxidative reductive potential water solution to the patient's peritoneal space.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution is delivered to the patient's peritoneal space intra-operatively, laproscopically or transabdominally.

5. The method of claim 3 , comprising: (a) gaining access to the peritoneal space in the patient; (b) delivering to the peritoneal space from about 0.1 to about 10 L of the oxidative reductive potential water solution; (c) allowing the oxidative reductive potential water solution to remain in the peritoneal space for a period of time sufficient to provide a therapeutic effect; (d) optionally removing the oxidative reductive potential water solution; and (e) optionally repeating steps (b)-(d).

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peritonitis results from surgery, appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, diverticulitis, bowel obstruction, pancreatitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, mesenteric thrombosis, tumor, penetrating trauma, or a combination thereof.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peritonitis is associated with an infection.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the infection is by one or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the infection is by one or more bacteria.

10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the infection is by one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus hirae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter species, Bacteroides fragilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Vancomycin resistant- Enterococcus faecium (VRE, MDR), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Micrococcus luteus, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicilin resistant- Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Salmonella choleraesuis, Shigella dysenteriae, C. perfingens, Neisseria gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycobaterium bovis, Chlamydia trachomatis , and combinations thereof.

11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the infection is by one or more fungi selected from the group consisting of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilasis, Candida tropicalis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Aspergillus fumigaus.

12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the peritonitis is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the spontaneous bacterial peritonitis arises in a patient with hepatic cirrhosis or the nephrotic syndrome.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peritonitis results from an inflammatory condition.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peritonitis results from an allergic reaction.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peritonitis results from chemical irritation.

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the peritonitis is associated with one or more impaired or damaged tissues.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the one or more impaired or damaged tissues is infected.

19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the infection is by one or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the infection is by one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus hirae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter species, Bacteroides fragilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Vancomycin resistant- Enterococcus faecium (VRE, MDR), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Micrococcus luteus, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicilin resistant- Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Salmonella choleraesuis, Shigella dysenteriae, C. perfingens, Neisseria gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycobaterium bovis, Chlamydia trachomatis , and combinations thereof.

21. The method of claim 18 , wherein the infection is by one or more fungi selected from the group consisting of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilasis, Candida tropicalis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Aspergillus fumigaus.

22. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of one or more additional therapeutic agents selected from the group consisting of anti-infective agents and anti-inflammatory agents.

23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the anti-infective agent is an antibacterial agent.

24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the anti-infective agent is an antibiotic.

25. The method of claim 22 , wherein the anti-inflammatory agent is selected from the group consisting of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and combinations thereof.

26. The method of claim 1 , comprising administering at least one antibiotic and at least one anti-inflammatory agent.

27. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the oxidative reductive potential water solution is from about 7.4 to about 7.6.

28. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution is stable for at least about six months.

29. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution is stable for at least about one year.

30. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution is capable of yielding at least about a 10 6 fold reduction in the concentration of a sample of one or more live microorganisms selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, C. perfingens, Neisseria gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis , streptococci, enteroococci, Mycobaterium tuberculosis, Candida albicans , and combinations thereof, after a thirty second exposure, when measured at least about two months after preparation of the solution.

31. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises cathode water in an amount of from about 10% to about 90% by volume of the solution.

32. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises cathode water in an amount of from about 10% to about 50% by volume of the solution.

33. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises cathode water in an amount of from about 20% to about 40% by volume of the solution.

34. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises anode water in an amount of from about 50% to about 90% by volume of the solution.

35. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises cathode water in an amount of from about 10% to about 50% by volume of the solution, and anode water in an amount of from about 50% to about 90% by volume of the solution.

36. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution comprises from about 15 ppm to about 35 ppm hypochlorous acid.

37. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises from about 25 ppm to about 50 ppm sodium hypochlorite.

38. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises from about 15 ppm to about 35 ppm hypochlorous acid, from about 25 ppm to about 50 ppm sodium hypochlorite, and from about 1 ppm to about 4 ppm of one or more superoxidized water species; has a pH of from about 6.2 to about 7.8; and is stable for at least about two months.

39. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution water solution has a potential of from about −400 mV to about +1300 mV.

40. A method of preventing peritoneal adhesions in a patient, the method comprising administering to the patient an oxidative reductive potential water solution in an amount effective to prevent peritoneal adhesions, wherein the solution is stable for at least about two months, and the solution has a pH of from about 6.2 to about 7.8, a chlorine dioxide level that is less than about 5 ppm, and wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises one or more species selected from the group consisting of hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ions, and combinations thereof.

41. A method of preventing peritoneal abscesses in a patient, the method comprising administering to the patient an oxidative reductive potential water solution in an amount effective to prevent peritoneal abscesses, wherein the solution is stable for at least about two months, and the solution has a pH of from about 6.2 to about 7.8, a chlorine dioxide level that is less than about 5 ppm, and wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises one or more species selected from the group consisting of hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ions, and combinations thereof.

42. A method of preventing systemic complications in a patient with peritonitis, the method comprising administering to the patient an oxidative reductive potential water solution in an amount effective to prevent peritoneal adhesions, wherein the solution is stable for at least about-two months, and the solution has a pH of from about 6.2 to about 7.8, a chlorine dioxide level that is less than about 5 ppm, and wherein the oxidative reductive potential water solution comprises one or more species selected from the group consisting of hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ions, and combinations thereof.

43. The method of claim 42 , wherein the systemic complications are selected from the group consisting of SIRS, sepsis, septic shock, and combinations thereof.