Electroluminescent materials and deivces
An improved method for making a zirconium 2-methyl 8 hydroxy quinolate is a two-stage process of reacting a zirconium salt with 2-methyl 8 hydroxy quinoline and then reacting the mixed salt formed with a beta diketone.
1 .- 32 . (canceled)
33 . A method for the manufacture of a substituted or unsubstituted zirconium 2-methyl quinolate comprising the sequential steps of:
(a) reacting a zirconium salt having the general chemical formula ZrL 4 , where L is an anion, with a substituted or unsubstituted 2-methyl 8-hydroxy quinoline to form a mixed salt Zr(q-2Me) 2 L 2 ; and,
(b) reacting the mixed salt with a beta diketone to form a corresponding zirconium 2-methyl quinolate.
34 . The method of claim 33 , wherein the anion L is an alkoxide.
35 . The method of claim 33 , wherein the beta diketone is 2,4 pentanedione.
36 . The method of claim 33 , wherein the reactions are carried out in an organic solvent.
37 . The method of claim 33 , wherein the 2-methyl 8-hydroxy quinoline has the general chemical formula
where R 1 and R 2 , which may be the same or different, are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, sulphonic acids, esters, carboxylic acids, amino and amido groups, aromatic groups, polycyclic groups and heterocyclic groups.
38 . The method of claim 33 , said method further comprising the step of doping the substituted or unsubstituted zirconium 2-methyl quinolate with a fluorescent dopant.
39 . The method of claim 38 , wherein the dopant is selected such that it has a bandgap no greater than that of the zirconium 2-methyl quinolate and also has a reduction potential less negative than that of the zirconium 2-methyl quinolate.
40 . The method of claim 38 , wherein the fluorescent dopant is selected from the group consisting of diphenylacridine, coumarins, perylenes, quinolates, porphoryins, porphines, pyrazalones and their derivatives, polymethine dyes, complex cyanines and merocyanines, oxonols, hemioxonols, styryls, merostyryls, and streptocyanines.
40 . The method of claim 38 , wherein the fluorescent dopant is a coumarin compound selected from the group consisting of: 7-Diethylamino4-methylcoumarin; 4,6-Dimethyl-7-ethylaminocoumarin; 4-Methylumbelliferone; 3-(2′-Benzothiazolyl)-7-diethylaminocoumarin; 3-(2′-Benzimidazolyl)-7-N,N-diethylaminocoumarin; 7-Amino-3-phenylcoumarin; 3-(2′-N-Methylbenzimidazolyl)-7-N,Ndiethylaminocoumarin; 7-Diethyl-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin; 2,3,5,6-1H,4H-Tetrahydro-8-methylquinolazino [9,9a,1-gh]coumarin; Cyclopenta[c]julolindino[9,10-3]-11H-pyran-11-one; 7-Amino-4-methyl-coumarin; 7-Dimethylaminocyclopenta[c]coumarin; 7-Amino-4-trifluoromethyl-coumarin; 7-Dimethylamino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin; 1,2,4,5,3H,6H,10H-Tetrahydro-8-trifluoromethyl [1]benzopyrano[9,9a,1-gh]quinolizin-10-one; 4-Methyl-7-(sulfomethylamino)coumarin sodium salt; 7-Ethylamino-6-methyl-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin; 7-Dimethylamino-4-methylcoumarin; 1,2,4,5,3H,6H, 10H-Tetrahydro-carbethoxy[1]benzopyrano [9,9a, 1-gh] quinolizino-10-one; 9-Acetyl-1,2,4,5,3H,6H,10H-tetrahydro[1]benzopyrano [9,9a,1-gh] quinolizino-10-one; 9-Cyano-1,2,4,5,3H,6H,10H-tetrahydro[1]benzopyrano[9,9a,1-gh] quinolizino-10-one; 9-(t-Butoxy carbonyl)-1,2,4,5,3H,6H,10H-tetrahyro[1]benzopyrano [9,9a,1-gh]quinolizino-10-one, 4-Methylpiperidino[3,2-g]coumarin; 4-Trifluoro-methylpiperidino[3,2-g]coumarin; 9-Carboxy-1,2,4,5,3H,6H,10H-tetrahydro[1]benzopyrano [9,9a,1-gh]quinolizino-10-one; and N-Ethyl4-trifluoromethylpiperidino[3,2-g]; or alternatively is a compound selected from the group consisting of: 7-amino-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one; 7-(ethylamino)-4,6-dimethyl-2H-chromen-2-one;
7-(dimethylamino)-2,3-dihydrocyclopenta[c]chromen-4(1H)-one; 7-(diethylamino)-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one; 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one and 7-(diethylamino)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-chromen-2-one.
42 . The method of claim 38 , wherein the fluorescent dopant is added in an amount ranging from about 10 −3 mole percent to 10 mole percent based on the total moles of zirconium 2-methyl quinolate.
43 . The method of claim 33 , said method further comprising the steps of incorporating the substituted or unsubstituted zirconium 2-methyl quinolate into an electroluminescent device to form a device comprising: (i) a first electrode; (ii) a second electrode; and (iii) a layer of an electroluminescent material located between the first and the second electrodes, said electroluminescent material comprising said substituted or unsubstituted 2-methyl zirconium quinolate.
44 . A method for the manufacture of tetrakis(8-hydroxyquinaldinato) zirconium (IV) comprising the steps of: (a) reacting a zirconium salt having the general chemical formula ZrL 4 , wherein L is an anion, with 2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline to form the mixed salt having the general chemical formula Zr(q-2Me) 2 L 2 , wherein the entity “q-2Me” represents a 2-methylquinolate group; and (b) thereafter reacting the mixed salt with a beta-diketone to form tetrakis(8-hydroxyquinaldinato) zirconium (IV).