Lateral flow devices

1. An analytical test for an analyte, comprising:

(a) a base, having a reaction area and a visualization area,

(b) a capture species, on the base in the visualization area, comprising nucleic acid, and

(c) analysis chemistry reagents, on the base in the reaction area, comprising

(i) a substrate comprising nucleic acid and a first label, and

(ii) a reactor comprising nucleic acid,

wherein the analysis chemistry reagents can react with a sample comprising the analyte and water, to produce a visualization species comprising nucleic acid and the first label, and

the capture species can bind the visualization species,

wherein the reactor comprises a nucleic acid enzyme, and the substrate can be cleaved by the nucleic acid enzyme in the presence of the analyte.

2. An analytical test for an analyte, comprising:

(a) a base, having a reaction area and a visualization area,

(b) a capture species, on the base in the visualization area, comprising nucleic acid, and

(c) analysis chemistry reagents, on the base in the reaction area, comprising

(i) a substrate comprising nucleic acid and a first label, and

(ii) a reactor comprising nucleic acid,

wherein the analysis chemistry reagents can react with a sample comprising the analyte and water, to produce a visualization species comprising nucleic acid and the first label, and

the capture species can bind the visualization species,

wherein

the reactor comprises an aptamer,

the aptamer can bind the substrate,

the aptamer can bind the analyte, and

the aptamer cannot simultaneously bind both the analyte and the substrate.

3. The analytical test of claim 1 , wherein the reactor comprises an aptazyme.

4. An analytical test for an analyte, comprising:

(a) a base, having a reaction area and a visualization area,

(b) a capture species, on the base in the visualization area, comprising nucleic acid, and

(c) analysis chemistry reagents, on the base in the reaction area, comprising

(i) a substrate comprising nucleic acid and a first label, and

(ii) a reactor comprising nucleic acid,

wherein the analysis chemistry reagents can react with a sample comprising the analyte and water, to produce a visualization species comprising nucleic acid and the first label, and

the capture species can bind the visualization species,

wherein the analyte is a metal ion.

5. An analytical test for an analyte, comprising:

(a) a base, having a reaction area and a visualization area,

(b) a capture species, on the base in the visualization area, comprising nucleic acid, and

(c) analysis chemistry reagents, on the base in the reaction area, comprising

(i) a substrate comprising nucleic acid and a first label, and

(ii) a reactor comprising nucleic acid,

wherein the analysis chemistry reagents can react with a sample comprising the analyte and water, to produce a visualization species comprising nucleic acid and the first label, and

the capture species can bind the visualization species,

wherein the analyte is a lead ion.

6. An analytical test for an analyte, comprising:

(a) a base, having a reaction area and a visualization area,

(b) a capture species, on the base in the visualization area, comprising nucleic acid, and

(c) analysis chemistry reagents, on the base in the reaction area, comprising

(i) a substrate comprising nucleic acid and a first label, and

(ii) a reactor comprising nucleic acid,

wherein the analysis chemistry reagents can react with a sample comprising the analyte and water, to produce a visualization species comprising nucleic acid and the first label, and

the capture species can bind the visualization species,

(d) a trapping species, on the base in the visualization area,

wherein the analysis chemistry reagents can react with a sample comprising water, to produce a verification species comprising a second label, and

the trapping species can bind the verification species,

wherein

the reactor comprises a nucleic acid enzyme, and

the substrate can be cleaved by the nucleic acid enzyme in the presence of the analyte

the first and second labels comprise colored labels, or the first and second labels comprise fluorescent labels, and

the analyte is a metal ion.

7. An analytical test for an analyte, comprising:

(a) a base, having a reaction area and a visualization area,

(b) a capture species, on the base in the visualization area, and

(c) a trapping species, on the base in the visualization area, and

(d) analysis chemistry reagents, on the base in the reaction area,

wherein the analysis chemistry reagents can react with a sample comprising the analyte and water, to produce a visualization species comprising a first label,

the analysis chemistry reagents can react with a sample comprising water, to produce a verification species comprising a second label,

the capture species can bind the visualization species,

the trapping species can bind the verification species, and

the visualization species does not comprise the analyte.

8. The analytical test of claim 7 , wherein the capture species specifically binds the visualization species.

9. The analytical test of claim 7 , wherein the first label comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a colored label, a fluorescent label, a radioactive label and a magnetic label.

10. The analytical test of claim 7 , wherein the capture species specifically binds the visualization species, and the trapping species specifically binds the verification species.

11. The analytical test of claim 7 , wherein the first and second labels comprise colored labels, or the first and second labels comprise fluorescent labels.