Electro-surgical forceps having fully copper-plated tines and process for manufacturing same
An electro-surgical forceps has a pair of tines. At least one of the tines has an inner core of a metal such as stainless steel, nickel, titanium, aluminum, or alloys such as sterling silver, and an outer plating of copper or a copper alloy having a thermal conductivity and an electrical conductivity greater than the core material. The outer plating covers all or substantially all of the tine. The outer plating is suitably formed by an electroplating process.
1 . An electro-surgical forceps comprising:
an insulated cap portion;
at least one terminal extending from and fixed to the cap portion; and
a pair of tines, each tine being generally elongated and having a tip and an opposite end fixed within the cap portion, at least one of the pair of tines electrically connected to the at least one terminal within the cap portion and further comprising:
a core comprising a metal layer formed of stainless steel, nickel, titanium, aluminum, sterling silver, or an alloy of nickel, titanium, or aluminum, and
an outer plating covering the core, comprising copper or an alloy of copper and having a thermal conductivity or an electrical conductivity greater than the core, and
wherein the outer plating covers substantially all of the core from the tip to the opposite end.
2 . The forceps of claim 1 , wherein the outer plating has a thickness of at least 0.001 inch.
3 . The forceps of claim 1 , wherein the outer plating has a thickness of less than 0.010 inch.
4 . The forceps of claim 1 , wherein the outer plating has a thickness ranging from 0.001 inch to 0.010 inch.
5 . The forceps of claim 1 , wherein the outer plating has a thickness of at least 0.005 inch.
6 . The forceps of claim 1 , wherein the core further includes a second layer, the second layer formed of stainless steel, nickel, titanium, copper aluminum, sterling silver, or an alloy of nickel, titanium, copper, or aluminum.
7 . The forceps of claim 6 , wherein the core further includes a third layer, the third layer formed of stainless steel, nickel, titanium, copper, aluminum, sterling silver, or an alloy of nickel, titanium, copper, or aluminum.
8 . The forceps of claim 1 , further comprising a further plating over the outer plating, the further plating comprising a biocompatible material.
9 . The forceps of claim 8 , wherein the further plating comprises nickel.
10 . The forceps of claim 1 , further comprising a further plating over the outer plating, the further plating comprising a non-oxidizing material.
11 . The forceps of claim 10 , wherein the further plating comprises gold or rhodium.
12 . The forceps of claim 1 , further comprising a first further plating over the outer plating comprising a biocompatible material and a second further plating over the first further plating comprising a non-oxidizing material.
13 . The forceps of claim 12 , wherein the first further plating comprises nickel, and the second further plating comprises gold or rhodium.
14 . The forceps of claim 1 , further comprising an insulating coating over the tine extending from the cap portion to a location near the tip.
15 . A method of forming the electro-surgical forceps of claim 1 , comprising:
forming a strip of metal into the pair of tines;
plating the at least one tine with the outer plating to cover the entire surface of the at least one tine; and
mounting the pair of tines and the at least one terminal to the insulated cap portion.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the plating step comprises electroplating the at least one tine.
17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the electroplating step comprises disposing the at least one tine in an electrolyte solution and applying a current between an anode and the strip, the strip comprising a cathode.
18 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one terminal is attached to the at least one tine prior to the plating step, and the at least one terminal is masked during the plating step.