Method of remediating soil contaminated with polyhalogenated hydrocarbons
Method of remediating a soil contaminated by polyhalogenated hydrocarbons, in particular PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs, comprising the steps of removing and sieving the soil to free it of stones and gravel; possibly regulating the moisture content of the sieved soil to a value of 10-30%; subjecting the sieved soil to thermal treatment while it flows in the form of a thin, turbulent, dynamic layer in contact with a wall heated to at least 250° C.; separating the thermally treated soil from the steam generated following such treatment, the soil being substantially free of the aforementioned polyhalogenated hydrocarbons.
1. A method of remediating a soil contaminated with polyhalogenated hydrocarbons, comprising the steps of:
(a) removing and sieving said soil to remove stones and gravel;
(b) regulating the moisture content of said sieved soil to a value of 10-30%;
(c) feeding a continuous stream of said soil into a turbo-heater (T) comprising a cylindrical tubular body closed by end walls at its opposite ends, provided with a heating jacket, at least one inlet opening, at least one outlet opening and an inner wall, and onto the interior of which a coaxial bladed rotor is rotatably supported, the temperature of the inner wall being 250°-290° C.,
(d) subjecting the soil stream to the mechanical action of said bladed rotor rotated at a speed of at least 200 rpm, with the consequent centrifugation of said soil against said heated wall, which determines the instantaneous generation of a steam stream, and conveyance of said soil and steam streams towards said at least one outlet opening, and
(e) continuously discharging a soil stream having a moisture content of less than 1% and substantially free of said polyhalogenated hydrocarbons.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the rotation speed of the bladed rotor is between 200 and 1,500 rpm.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the flow rate of the soil stream entering into the turbo-heater (T) is between 1,000 and 10,000 kg/h.
4. The method according to claim 1 , comprising the additional step of subjecting said stones and gravel to washing with water and feeding a continuous stream of the resulting washing waters into the turbo-heater (T) in co-current with said soil stream, at a flow rate such to bring the moisture content of said soil near to said at least one inlet opening to a value of 10-30%.
5. The method according to claim 4 , comprising the further step of sending said steam stream exiting from said turbo-heater (T) to a condensation step and directing the resulting condensate to a disposal step by incineration.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said condensate, before being directed to said disposal step, is subjected to concentration.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the concentration of said condensate is carried out by means of reverse osmosis.
8. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the rotation speed of the bladed rotor is between 200 and 1,500 rpm.
9. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the flow rate of the soil stream entering into the turbo-heater (T) is between 1,000 and 10,000 kg/h.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyhalogenated hydrocarbons is selected from the group consisting of PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs.