Floating gastrointestinal anchor
Apparatus for use in a gastrointestinal tract of a subject, the apparatus including a straightening rod ( 8 ), and a flexible tubular anchor ( 1 ) having a distal end ( 2 ) and an open proximal end ( 4 ), and sized to fit in the gastrointestinal tract. The anchor ( 1 ) comprises a material that has an elastic memory which biases the anchor ( 1 ) towards assuming a pre-selected bent configuration. The anchor ( 1 ) is shaped so as to define a central core ( 7 ) extending from the open proximal end ( 4 ) toward the distal end ( 2 ). The anchor ( 1 ) is configured to be straightened from the pre-selected bent configuration by insertion of the straightening rod ( 8 ) in the central core ( 7 ). The apparatus further includes a device ( 70 ) coupled to the anchor, selected from the list consisting of: a therapeutic device, and a transmitting device. Other embodiments are also described.
1. A method comprising:
straightening a flexible tubular anchor that includes a material that has an elastic memory which biases the anchor towards assuming a pre-selected curved configuration, by inserting a straightening rod into a central core extending from an open proximal end toward a distal end of the anchor;
inserting, into a stomach of a subject, the straightened anchor with the rod therein, and a therapeutic device comprising a balloon, coupled to a portion of the anchor; and
while the anchor is in the stomach, removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume the entire pre-selected curved configuration in the stomach; and
inflating the balloon in the stomach.
2. The method according to claim 1 , comprising performing therapy using the therapeutic device comprising the balloon coupled to the anchor.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein inserting the straightened anchor comprises positioning the anchor in a stomach of the subject such that when the anchor assumes the curved configuration, the anchor interferes with gastric emptying of the subject.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein inflating the balloon comprises inflating the balloon sufficiently to promote a feeling of satiety in the subject.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein inflating the balloon comprises inflating the balloon sufficiently to interfere with peristaltic waves and gastric emptying of the subject.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein inflating the balloon comprises inflating the balloon via a conduit channel extending from the proximal end of the anchor to an interior of the balloon.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein inflating the balloon comprises inflating the balloon to a volume of between 400 and 1000 cc.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein inserting comprises facilitating floating of the flexible tubular anchor and the balloon in the stomach.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume the pre-selected curved configuration, comprises removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume a pre-selected curved configuration, that, excluding any straight portion thereof, has a diameter of between 4 cm and 20 cm.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume the pre-selected curved configuration, comprises removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume a pre-selected curved configuration, that, excluding any straight portion thereof, has a diameter of less than 14 cm.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume the pre-selected curved configuration, comprises removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume a pre-selected curved configuration selected from the group consisting of: a “C”-shaped configuration, an “S”-shaped configuration, and a sinusoidal configuration.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume the pre-selected curved configuration, comprises removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume a spiral pre-selected curved configuration.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume the pre-selected curved configuration, comprises removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume the pre-selected curved configuration, such that the portion of the anchor to which the balloon is coupled does not assume the pre-selected curved configuration.
14. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
maintaining an inflation conduit port outside of the stomach of the subject, wherein the inflating of the balloon in the stomach comprises inflating the balloon via an inflation conduit extending from the balloon in the stomach to the inflation conduit port.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the inflation conduit port is maintained outside of a mouth of the subject.
16. The method according to claim 14 , further comprising:
after inflation of the balloon, inserting the inflation conduit and the inflation conduit port into the stomach of the subject.
17. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
preventing the balloon, when deflated, from migrating when the anchor assumes the pre-selected curved configuration in the stomach.
18. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
inflating the balloon in the stomach to a volume sufficient to fill the stomach lumen to promote a feeling of satiety.
19. A method for promoting weight loss by providing a feeling of satiety in a subject by using a therapeutic balloon coupled to a flexible tubular anchor disposed within a stomach of the subject, the method comprising:
straightening the flexible tubular anchor that includes a material that has an elastic memory which biases the anchor towards assuming a pre-selected curved configuration, by inserting a straightening rod into a central core extending from an open proximal end toward a distal end of the anchor;
inserting, into the stomach of the subject, the straightened anchor with the rod therein, and a therapeutic deflated balloon coupled thereto;
while the anchor is in the stomach, removing the anchor from the rod, thereby allowing the anchor to assume the entire pre-selected curved configuration in the stomach;
preventing the deflated balloon from migrating out of the stomach utilizing the anchor; and
expanding the balloon in the stomach to a volume sufficient to fill the stomach to promote a feeling of satiety in the subject.
20. The method according to claim 19 , wherein expanding the balloon comprises inflating and/or deflating the balloon to a volume of between 400 and 1000 cc.