Variably porous structures
View Patent ↗A method of making a monolithic porous structure, comprises electrodepositing a material on a template; removing the template from the material to form a monolithic porous structure comprising the material; and electropolishing the monolithic porous structure.
1. A method of making a monolithic porous structure, comprising:
electrodepositing a material on a template;
removing the template from the material, to form a monolithic porous structure comprising the material; and
electropolishing the monolithic porous structure.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises at least one metal or alloy.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises Ni.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the template comprises particles having a particle diameter of 1 nm to 100 μm.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the template comprises particles having a particle diameter of 100 nm to 2 μm.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the template has a three-dimensionally ordered structure.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the template has a cubic close packed structure or a hexagonal close packed structure.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the template comprises a polymer, a ceramic material or an organic material.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electropolishing reduces a filling fraction of the monolithic porous structure to 1-25%.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electropolishing reduces a filling fraction of the monolithic porous structure to 3-20%.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising coating the monolithic porous structure, after the electropolishing.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the coating comprises atomic layer deposition.
13. The method of claim 2 , further comprising oxidizing the material.
14. The method of claim 3 , further comprising oxidizing the material.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the material comprises at least one metal,
the template comprises particles having a particle diameter of 100 nm to 2 μm,
the template has a cubic close packed structure or a hexagonal close packed structure, and
the electropolishing reduces a filling fraction of the monolithic porous structure to 1-25%.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising coating the monolithic porous structure, after the electropolishing.
17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising oxidizing the material.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the material comprises Ni.