Oven for non-metal melting
Oven for non-metal melting, in particular silicon melting, with a housing enclosing an interior, at least one mould arranged in the interior for receiving a non-metal melt, at least one electrical heating device enclosing, at least partially, the at least one mould for influencing the temperature of the non-metal melt, and a power supply device connected in an electrically conductive manner to the at least one heating device for providing the heating device with a time-variable current I(t), wherein the current I(t) has a frequency of 0.1 Hz to 1000 Hz and the current I(t) is of a magnitude sufficient for setting a predetermined temperature of the non-metal melt, the currents in the plurality, where necessary, of heaters having a defined phase position in respect of one another.
1. An oven for non-metal melting with
a. a housing ( 2 ) enclosing an interior ( 3 ),
b. at least one mould ( 9 ) arranged in the interior ( 3 ) for receiving a non-metal melt ( 24 ),
c. at least one electrical heating device ( 12 ) enclosing at least partially the at least one mould ( 9 ) for influencing the temperature of the non-metal melt ( 24 ), and
d. a power supply device ( 16 ) coupled in an electrically conductive manner to the at least one heating device ( 12 ) for supplying the heating device ( 12 ) with a time-variable current I(t), wherein
i. the current I(t) has a frequency of 0.1 Hz to 1000 Hz and
ii. the current I(t) is of a magnitude suitable for setting a predetermined temperature of the non-metal melt ( 24 ).
2. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein the heating device ( 12 ) has a side heating device ( 14 ; 14 a ; 14 b ; 14 c ; 14 f ; 14 g ) enclosing on the circumferential face the at least one mould ( 9 ).
3. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein the heating device ( 12 ) has at least one of an overhead heating device ( 13 ; 13 a ; 13 b ; 13 d ; 13 e ) arranged above the at least one mould ( 9 ) and a floor heating device ( 15 ; 15 d ; 15 e ) arranged below the at least one mould ( 9 ).
4. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein the current I(t) has a frequency of 1 Hz to 500 Hz.
5. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein the current I(t) has a frequency of 10 Hz to 300 Hz.
6. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein the current I(t) has a frequency of 75 Hz to 250 Hz.
7. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein the current I(t) is composed of a direct current component I DC and an alternating current component I AC (t).
8. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein the heating device ( 12 ) has a plurality of separate electrical circuits through which phase-shifted current flows.
9. An oven according to claim 8 , wherein the heating device ( 12 ) has a plurality of separate electrical circuits through which phase-shifted current flows with a phase shift of n·60°, wherein n=1, 2, 3 . . . .
10. An oven according to claim 3 , wherein the overhead heating device ( 13 ; 13 a ; 13 b ; 13 d ; 13 e ) has lines looped in shape.
11. An oven according to claim 3 , wherein the heating device ( 12 ) has at least one spiral line ( 30 ).
12. An oven according to claim 7 , wherein the direct current component I DC lies at between 0 and 1000 ampere-turns.
13. An oven according to claim 7 , wherein the alternating current component I AC (t) lies at 10 to 5000 ampere-turns.
14. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one mould ( 9 ) is at least one of rectangular and cuboidal in cross-section.
15. An oven according to claim 1 , wherein it is used for the production of polycrystalline silicon.
16. Method for at least one of melting non-metals and solidifying non-metal melts comprising the following steps:
a) providing an oven according to any one of the preceding claims,
b) applying a time-variable current I(t),
c) generating a time-variable magnetic field in the non-metal melt ( 24 ).