Torque distribution system with electronic power take-off module
View Patent ↗A torque distribution system for a vehicle permits the transfer of torque between vehicle wheels using a selectively engagable clutch that is hydraulically engaged using hydraulic pressure provided by a hydraulic transmission pump driven by the engine, allowing for enhanced system functionality and reduced part content in comparison with known torque distribution systems. The system may include an “active-on-demand” clutch that is selectively engagable to transfer torque between a front differential and a rear differential (thereby transferring torque from the front wheels to the rear wheels) as well as an electronically-limited slip differential clutch selectively engagable to transfer torque from one front wheel to the other front wheel through the front differential. Utilization of the transmission hydraulic pump allows pressure to be provided to engage the clutch even when the wheels are stationary, i.e., to launch the vehicle.
1. A torque distribution system for a vehicle having an engine, wheels, and a hydraulic pump, comprising:
at least one torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engagable to transfer torque between at least two of the wheels; wherein the hydraulic pump is hydraulically connectable with said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism for controlling engagement thereof;
wherein the hydraulic pump is driven by the engine, thereby being operable to provide hydraulic pressure for engagement of said torque-transmitting mechanism even when the wheels are not rotating; and
wherein the vehicle includes a transmission with an input member driven by the engine, an output member, and a transmission gearing arrangement to transfer torque from the input member to the output member; and wherein the hydraulic pump provides hydraulic pressure to the transmission.
2. The torque distribution system of claim 1 , wherein the wheels include a left front wheel and a right front wheel, and further comprising:
a first differential mechanism having a first member operatively connected for driving rotation by an output member of said transmission, a second member operatively connected for driving rotation of said left front wheel, and a third member operatively connected for driving rotation of said right front wheel; and
wherein said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism includes a first friction clutch selectively engagable to transfer torque between said second member and said third member to thereby transfer torque between said left and right front wheels.
3. The torque distribution system of claim 1 , wherein the wheels include left and right front wheels and rear wheels; and further comprising:
a front differential mechanism operatively connected with said left and right front wheels, respectively;
a longitudinally-extending member spanning at least partially between the front and rear wheels;
a rear differential mechanism operatively connected with the rear wheels and with the longitudinally-extending member; and
wherein the at least one torque-transmitting mechanism includes a first clutch selectively engagable for transferring torque between said front differential and said longitudinally-extending member to thereby transfer torque between the front and rear wheels.
4. The torque distribution system of claim 1 , wherein the wheels include left and right front wheels; wherein said front differential mechanism has a carrier member driven by the transmission, left and right side gears driven by said carrier member and operatively connected for rotation with the left and right front wheels, and pinion gears meshing with both of the side gears; and
wherein said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism includes a friction clutch selectively engagable for transferring torque between said left and right side gears of said front differential mechanism, thereby transferring torque between the left and right front wheels.
5. The torque distribution system of claim 1 , further comprising:
an electronic controller operative for receiving a sensor signal correlated with at least one vehicle condition and for sending a control signal based on said sensor signal and determinative of the hydraulic pressure applied to said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism, thereby permitting controlled slip of said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism to vary an amount of torque transferred by said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism.
6. The torque distribution system of claim 5 , further comprising:
a hydraulic control module operatively connecting said controller with said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism; wherein said hydraulic control module includes at least one solenoid selectively actuatable by a control signal from said controller to allow hydraulic pressure provided by said pump into fluid communication with said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism.
7. The torque distribution system of claim 6 , wherein said at least one solenoid is a first solenoid, and further comprising:
an accumulator;
a check valve biased to prevent fluid communication of the hydraulic pump with the accumulator and openable upon a predetermined hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump to allow fluid communication of the hydraulic pump with the first solenoid; and
an additional solenoid in fluid communication between the accumulator and the first solenoid and selectively actuatable and configured to permit hydraulic flow to said first solenoid when actuated and to prevent hydraulic flow to said first solenoid and maintain hydraulic pressure in the accumulator when not actuated.
8. The torque distribution system of claim 6 , wherein said at least one solenoid is a first solenoid, and further comprising:
an accumulator;
a first additional solenoid in fluid communication between the accumulator and the first solenoid and selectively actuatable and configured to permit hydraulic flow to said first solenoid when actuated and to prevent hydraulic flow to said first solenoid and maintain hydraulic pressure in the accumulator when not actuated; and
a second additional solenoid in fluid communication between the hydraulic pump and the accumulator and selectively actuatable and configured to permit fluid communication of the hydraulic pump with the accumulator when actuated and to prevent fluid communication of the hydraulic pump with the accumulator when not actuated.
9. The torque-distribution system of claim 6 , further comprising:
at least one pressure sensor operatively connected with said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism and operable to monitor apply pressure of said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism and communicate said monitored pressure to said controller.
10. The torque distribution system of claim 1 , wherein engagement of said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism does not require braking of the vehicle.
11. The torque distribution system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism includes friction plates and a piston movable by said hydraulic pressure to engage said friction plates, and further comprising:
thrust bearings axially adjacent said friction plates for transmitting axial force due to movement of said piston to engage said friction plates.
12. A torque distribution system for a vehicle having four wheels, including a left front wheel and a right front wheel, and an automatic transmission with a hydraulic pump, wherein the hydraulic pump provides hydraulic pressure to the transmission, comprising:
at least one torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engagable to transfer torque between at least two of the wheels; wherein the hydraulic pump is hydraulically connectable with said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism for controlling engagement thereof;
wherein the hydraulic pump is driven by the engine, thereby being operable to provide hydraulic pressure for engagement of said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism even when the wheels are not rotating;
an electronic controller operative for receiving a sensor signal correlated with at least one vehicle condition and for sending a control signal based on said sensor signal and determinative of the hydraulic pressure applied to said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism, thereby permitting controlled slip of said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism to vary an amount of torque transferred by said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism;
a hydraulic control module operatively connecting said controller with said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism; and wherein said hydraulic control module includes at least one solenoid selectively actuatable by a control signal from said controller to allow hydraulic pressure provided by said pump into fluid communication with said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism and configured to prevent fluid communication with said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism when not actuated.
13. A torque distribution system for a vehicle having four wheels, including a left front wheel, a right front wheel, and rear wheels, and having an automatic transmission with a hydraulic pump, wherein the hydraulic pump provides hydraulic pressure to the transmission, comprising:
a first torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engagable to transfer torque between the left front wheel and the right front wheel;
a second torque-transmitting mechanism selectively engagable to transfer torque between the front wheels and the rear wheels;
wherein the hydraulic pump is hydraulically connectable with the first and the second torque-transmitting mechanism for controlling engagement thereof;
wherein the hydraulic pump is driven by the engine, thereby being operable to provide hydraulic pressure for engagement of said at least one torque-transmitting mechanism even when the wheels are not rotating;
an electronic controller operative for receiving sensor signals correlated with at least one vehicle condition and for sending control signals based on said sensor signals and determinative of the hydraulic pressure applied to the first and the second torque-transmitting mechanisms, thereby permitting controlled slip of the first and the second torque-transmitting mechanisms to vary an amount of torque transferred by the first and the second torque-transmitting mechanisms; and
a hydraulic control module operatively connecting said controller with the first and the second torque-transmitting mechanisms and having
respective solenoids selectively actuatable by respective control signals from said controller to allow hydraulic pressure provided by said pump into fluid communication with said respective torque-transmitting mechanisms and configured to prevent fluid communication with said respective torque-transmitting mechanisms when not actuated;
an additional solenoid valve in fluid communication between the hydraulic pump and the respective solenoids;
an accumulator in fluid communication between the hydraulic pump and the additional solenoid; and
wherein the additional solenoid valve is selectively actuatable to allow fluid stored in the fluid accumulator into communication with the respective solenoids and is configured to prevent fluid communication with said respective solenoids when not actuated.