Ozone production processes and its use in industrial processes
The present invention provides for an improved process for producing ozone which can be used to remove contaminants from gas streams in industrial processes. The improved process uses a separation device after the ozone generating system to separate the ozone from the oxygen gas and directs the ozone to the industrial process and the oxygen back to the feedstream entering the ozone generating system. The improved process further provides for the use of ozone so generated to removed contaminants from industrial process flue gas streams.
1. A process for generating ozone comprising feeding an oxygen-containing gas feed stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air into an ozone generator thereby producing an ozone-containing gas stream; separating the oxygen in the air or compressed dry air from the ozone-containing gas stream in a membrane separation system; directing the oxygen back to the feed stream entering said ozone generator to combine with said oxygen-containing gas stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air; and directing an ozone-containing gas stream from said membrane separation system to a process requiring the use of ozone.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein said process requiring the use of ozone is selected from the group consisting of flue gas streams from fossil fuel fired sources, process gas streams from chemical, petroleum and petrochemical, metal, semiconductor and glass operations, and off gas streams.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the temperature of said ozone entering said process requiring the use of ozone is about 40° to about 350° F.
4. A process for generating ozone having a concentration of ozone of about 6 weight percent or less comprising increasing the flow of oxygen-containing gas selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air to an ozone generating device by recycling oxygen gas from a membrane separation system to the oxygen-containing feed gas stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air into said ozone generating device.
5. The process as claimed in claim 4 wherein said separation system separates a mixture of ozone and oxygen-containing gas.
6. A process for generating ozone wherein said ozone is used in gas streams containing contaminants comprising feeding an oxygen-containing feed gas stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air into an ozone generator to produce an ozone-containing gas stream; separating the oxygen in the air or compressed dry air from the ozone-containing gas stream in a membrane separation system; directing said oxygen from said separation system back to said feed gas stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air entering said ozone generator; and directing said ozone-containing gas stream from said separation system to said gas streams containing contaminants.
7. The process as claimed in claim 6 wherein said gas streams containing contaminants are selected from the group consisting of flue gas streams from fossil fuel fired sources, process gas streams from chemical, petroleum and petrochemical, metal, semiconductor and glass operations, and off gas streams.
8. The process as claimed in claim 6 wherein said contaminants are selected from the group consisting of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, mercury, chlorine and hydrochloric acid.
9. The process as claimed in claim 6 wherein said ozone entering said gas streams containing contaminants is at a temperature of about 40° to about 350° F.
10. A process for removing contaminants from the flue gas stream of an industrial process comprising the steps of:
a) feeding an oxygen-containing gas stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air to an ozone generator, thereby generating an ozone-containing gas stream;
b) directing said ozone-containing gas stream to a membrane separation unit to separate oxygen from said oxygen-containing gas stream from said ozone-containing gas stream;
c) directing said separated oxygen back to said ozone generator to combine with said oxygen-containing gas stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air to the oxygen-containing gas stream of step a);
d) feeding said flue gas stream from an industrial process to a flue gas carrier duct; and
e) feeding a seperated ozone-containing gas stream from step b) to said flue gas carrier duct, wherein the ozone will react with the contaminants in said flue gas stream.
11. The process as claimed in claim 10 wherein said industrial process is selected from the group consisting of flue gas streams from fossil fuel fired sources, process gas streams from chemical, petroleum and petrochemical, metal, semiconductor and glass operations, and off gas streams.
12. The process as claimed in claim 10 wherein the temperature of said ozone entering said industrial process requiring the use of ozone is preconditioned by heat exchange, scrubbing or quenching to about 40° to about 350° F.
13. The process as claimed in claim 10 wherein said contaminants are selected from the group consisting of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, acid gases and heavy metals.
14. The process as claimed in claim 13 wherein said nitrogen oxides are selected from the group consisting of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide.
15. A process for removing contaminants from the flue gas stream of an industrial process comprising the steps of:
a) feeding an oxygen-containing gas stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air to an ozone generator, thereby generating an ozone-containing gas stream;
b) directing said ozone-containing gas stream to a membrane separation unit to separate oxygen from said oxygen-containing gas stream from said ozone-containing gas stream;
c) directing said separated oxygen to the oxygen-containing gas stream selected from the group consisting of air and compressed dry air of step a);
d) feeding said flue gas stream from an industrial process to a flue gas carrier duct;
e) feeding a separated ozone-containing gas stream from step b) to said flue gas carrier duct, wherein the ozone will react with the contaminants in said flue gas stream;
f) introducing a reagent liquid into said flue gas carrier duct to convert the reaction products of ozone and said contaminants into dilute acids;
g) adsorbing said dilute acids into liquid water, thereby converting said dilute acids to salts; and
h) discharging said flue gas stream now substantially free of contaminants from said flue gas carrier duct.
16. The process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said industrial process is selected from the group consisting of flue gas streams from fossil fuel fired sources, process gas streams from chemical, petroleum and petrochemical, metal, semiconductor and glass operations, and off gas streams.
17. The process as claimed in claim 15 wherein the temperature of said ozone entering said industrial process requiring the use of ozone is about 40° to about 350° F.
18. The process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said contaminants are selected from the group consisting of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, acid gases and heavy metals.
19. The process as claimed in claim 18 wherein said nitrogen oxides are selected from the group consisting of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide.
20. The process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said liquid reagent is caustic soda, carbonates, bicarbonates, or hydroxides of calcium, magnesium, potassium or ammonia.
21. The process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said dilute acids are selected from the group consisting of HNO 3 , H 2 SO 3 , and H 2 SO 4 .
22. The process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said salts are selected from the group consisting of nitrates, sulfites and sulfates.
23. The process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said ozone is introduced uniformly in the entire cross section of the duct by a grid, or is introduced radially.